-
Clinical Presentation of Typhoid Fever
little or no diarrhea
-
Treatment
of typhoid fever
- there is resistance to flouroquinolones, so we need to test the isolate for susceptibility …
- sometimes there may be a false susceptible result so we have the lab test again
- to ensure it really is susceptible
-
Treatment
of Non-typhoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis
- No vaccine is
- available … however, vaccine for typhoidal Salmonella is available
-
Treatment
of Klebsiella pneumonia/oxytoca
- carbapenemase-producing species are increasing …
- normally B-lactam class treat this species, but Klebsiella produces
- B-lactamases of an extended spectrum that are resistant to all B-lactams
- (including carbapenams)
-
Treatment
of Vibrio cholera
- 1st line
- agents: doxycycline, tetracycline, or cipro (adults) TMP/SMX (children)
-
Which of the
following is NOT a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family.
a. E.coli
b. Proteus
c. Enterobacter
d. Enterococcus
D
-
Which of the
following best describes the morphology (shape) of Vibrio cholera on Gram’s stain?
a. Gram-negative diplococci
b. Gram-positive rods, box-car
c. Gram-negative rod, comma shaped
d. Gram-positive cocci, lancet
shaped
C
-
All salmonella
species are non-motile microorganisms, they do not possess flagella.
a. True
c. False
C
-
Which of the
following Salmonella species is responsible for Typhoid fever?
a. Salmonella Paratyphi
b. Salmonella Typhinurium
c. Salmonella Typhi
C
-
Which of the
following only colonize humans?
a. Salmonella Typhinurium
c. Salmonella Typhi
C
-
The pathogenesis of
which of the following bacteria does NOT involve invasion of intestinal cells?
a. EAEC
b.
EHEC
c.
EIEC
A
-
Which of the
following may have been the reservoir from which Heather acquired the Salmonella Enterididis infection
a. Her pet turtle
b. Eggs that were transovarially
infected
c. Undercooked hamburger that was
contaminated with fecal material
d. All of the above
D
-
Heather’s mother
requests antibiotics for Heather from the pediatrician since they are free at
the local grocery store pharmacy.
a. Salmonella Enterididis is
a self-limiting infection, since Heather’s diarrhea is
resolving she should not
receive antibiotics
b. Salmonella Enterididis always requires treatment with antibiotics and Heather
should have been started on
these when she was diagnosed
c. Salmonella Enterididis always requires treatment with antibiotics and
Heather
should have been started on
ciprofloxacin when she was diagnosed
A
-
Which of the
following is the most common cause of Traveler’s diarrhea
a. ETEC, which occurs with an abrupt onset and resolves in 24-48 hours
b. ETEC, which occurs with an abrupt onset and resolves in 3-5 days
c. ETEC, which occurs with a slow onset and resolves in 7-10 days
A
-
The drug of choice
for the treatment of Typhoid fever is norfloxacin.
a. True
c. False
C
-
A licensed vaccine in
the United States currently exists to prevent which of the following?
a. Typhoid
b. Shigellosis
c. Cholera
d. All of the above
A
-
Children between the
ages of 6 months-5 years old have the highest incidence of
Shigellosis
a. True
c. False
A
-
Which of the
following bacteria produce exotoxin?
a. Shigella
b. E. Coli
c. Cholera
d. All of the above
D
-
Which of the
following best describes the pathogen E.coli
O157:H7
a. A serotype of EIEC which is most common in the Southern United
States
b. A serotype of EIEC which is most
common in the Southern Hemisphere
c. A serotype of EHEC which is most common in the Southern United
States
d. A serotype of EHEC which is most
common in the Southern Hemisphere
e. A serotype of EHEC which is more common in the United States than in
the
Southern Hemisphere
E
-
Which of the
following are capable of producing dysenteric diarrhea?
a. Shigella
b. Enteropathogenic E. Coli
c.
Enteroinvasive
E. Coli
d. a and c only
e. All of the above
D
-
Which of the
following is FALSE regarding Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli.?
a. Outbreaks have been associated
with undercooked meat
b. Hemolytic uremic syndrome may
develop as a complication
c. A common serotype in the United
States is O157:H7
d. Antibiotic therapy may result in
bacterial cell lysis and increased toxin release
e. All of the above are true
E
-
Which of the
following is FALSE about Vibrio cholerae?
a. It causes a watery (rice-water)
diarrhea
b. It causes a painful and
foul-smelling diarrhea
c. It can be fatal within 24 hours
d. First-line therapy is a single
dose of doxycycline
B
-
Which of the
following presenting signs or symptoms warrants an investigation to determine
if a patient complaining of diarrhea is infected with E. Coli 0157:H7
a. Headache
b. Blood in the stool
c. Thirst
B
-
Which of the
following is TRUE regarding infectious
diarrhea due to Shigella
a. Shigella sonnei accounts for the majority of cases in the United
States
b. It is generally a self-limiting
disease
c. Antibiotics shorten the period of
fecal shedding
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
D
-
Passage across
M-cells, incorporation into and eventual expulsion out of macrophages, the use
of invasins to enter epithelial cells from underneath, and the use of actin filaments that producing comet-like
tails and propel the pathogen from cell to cell describes the pathogenesis of
which agent of infectious diarrhea?
a.
Salmonella
b. Shigella
c. E. coli
d. Vibrio cholerae
e. Clostridium difficile
B
-
Which of the
following is TRUE about
Uropathogenic/Extraintestinal E. coli
a. Virulence factors include
endotoxin and hemolysins
b. They are normal inhabitants
(normal flora) of the human colon
c. They can be transmitted
vertically and horizontally
d. They are common causes of urinary
tract infections and bacteremia
e. Antibiotic resistance mechanism
include the production of beta-lactamases
f. None of the above
g. All of the above
G
|
|
