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Name the different bacterial morphology.
- -Bacillius
- -Coccus
- -spiral
- -other
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bacterial cytoplasm have an overall...
- negative charge, which will attract anything with a positive charged stain
- examples: crystal violet, methylene blue
-
What stain uses a single agent and is a basic stain with
positive charge?
-
This stain divides bacteria into groups based on their
staining properties. Give examples
Differential stain - Examples: gram stain,
- acid-fasting stain
-
this
stain divides bacteria into two groups, examples.
Gram stain; gram positive and gram negative
-
What
color would stain gram positive and gram negative?
Gram positive – purple Gram negative – pink
-
Give the kinds of substances used for each step for
staining.
Step1. Crystal violent Step2. Iodine Step3. Alcohol wash - Step4. Safranin
-
What’s the key point in gram staining?
-
what
does a bacteria’s cell wall consist of?
Contains polysaccharide/protein (which is the peptidoglycan)
-
What gives the cell wall its’ rigidity?
peptidoglycan
-
peptidoglycan is found exclusively in..?
bacteria
-
What happens to the bacteria when the peptidoglycan is destroyed?
it weakens or kills the bacteria since they become targets for antibiotics
-
Penicillin is effective toward?
toward gram positive bacteria
-
in gram positive bacteria, the cell wall...
peptidoglycan is on the outside of the membrane
-
in a gram negative bacteria, the cell wall..
outer membrane covers peptidoglycan; membrane double barrier is called periplarm
-
glycocalyx is?
the coating outside the cell wall, slimy gooey layer, an extra layer of protection
-
what's the function of glycocalyx
for protection, motility, and attachment
-
Name surface features of the bacteria.
pili and flagella
-
Whats the function of flagella?
motility
-
whats the function of pili
attachment, also as information transfering (DNA transfer, conjugation)
-
List the cytoplasm structures found in a bacteria.
ribosomes, nucleoid, inclusions, plasmids, and sometimes endospores
-
Endospores. what are they?
only found in some bacteria; considered highly resistant dormant form of the cell; and only forms in time of stress in the environment
-
ribosomes?
its a site for protein synthesis
-
nucleoid?
single closed loop of DNA
-
inclusions?
storage/ability
-
plasmids?
smaller loops of DNA nonessential cell functions
-
growth is consider..
when there is an increase of number of cells or cell size
-
binary fission
bacterial reproduction
-
culture can be either...
liquid form (broth) or solid (agar)
-
synthetic media
dont know how, but know it works; unknown concentrations/compounds
-
list the different types of media
General purpose; enriched media, selective media
-
list general purpose media
- TSA Tryptic Soy Agar
- TSB - broth
-
Enriched media is?
- general purpose media with something extra
- ex. blood agar
-
selective media is...
favors growth of some over others
-
who coined the term "filterable virus"
Dmitri Iwanowski when he was interest in tobaccoo mosaic disease
-
who brought in electron microscope?
Ernst Ruska
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