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cephalochordata
lancelets
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Myxini
hagfishes and relatives
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Chrondrichthyes
sharks, rays, skates, ratfishes
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Actinopterygii
ray-finned fishes
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Amphibia
salamanders, frogs, caecilians
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Reptilia
tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians, birds
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Mammalia
monotremes, marsupials, eutherians
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Basal chordates; marine suspension feeders that exhibit four key derived characters from chordates
cephalochordata
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Marine suspension feeders ; larvae display the derived traits of chordates
urochordates
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Jawless marine organisms; have head that includes skull and brain, eyes, and other sensory organs
myxini
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jawless vertebrates; typically feed by attaching to a live fish and ingesting its blood
petromyzontida
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aquatic gnathostomes; have cartilaginous skeleton secondarily evolved from an ancestral mineralized skeleton
chondricthyses
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aquatic gnathostomes; have bony skeleton and maneuverable fins supported by rays
actinopterygii
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ancient lineage of aquatic lobe-fins still surviving in the Indian Ocean
Actinistia
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Freshwater lobe fins with both lungs and gills, sister group of tetrapods
Dipnoi
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Have four limbs descended from modified fins, most have moist skin that functions in gas exchange; many live both in water and on land
Amphibia
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One of two groups of living amniotes; have amniotic eggs and rib cage, which are key adaptations for life on land
Reptilia
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Evolbed from synapsid ancestors; include egg-laying monotremes; pouched marsupials, and eutherians
mammalia
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