Chapter 3(Cell& pH Acids)

  1. Intracellular Fluid(ICF)
    The Fluid inside the body cells
  2. Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
    The fluid outside the body cells. Extracellular fluid is comprised of intravascular fluid and interstitial fluid.
  3. Intravascular Fluid
    The fluid within the circulatory system;Blood plasma
  4. interstitial fluid
    the fluid in the body tissues that is outside the cells and outside the vascular system
  5. Solvent
    a substance that dissolves other substances, forming a solution
  6. Turgor
    Normal tension in a cell; the resistance of the skin to deformation
  7. Overhydrations
    the presence of retention of an abnormally high amount of body fluid
  8. electrolyte
    a substance that, in water, seperates into electrically charged particles
  9. dissociate
    separate; break down. For example, sodium bicarbonate, when place in water, dissociates into a sodium cation and a bicabonate anion
  10. ion
    a charged particle; an ataom or group of ataoms who electrical charge has changed from neutral to positive or negative by losing or gaining on or more electrons
  11. cation
    ion with a positive charge
  12. anion
    ion with a negative charge
  13. isotonic
    equal in concentration of solute molecules; solutions can be isotonic to each other
  14. hypertonic
    having a greater of concentraion of solute
  15. hypotonic
    having a lesser concentration of solute molescules
  16. osmotic gradient
    the difference in concentration between solutions on opposite sides of a semipermeable membrane
  17. diffusion
    the movement of molecules through a membrane from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration
  18. osmosis
    the passage of a solvent such as water through a membrane
  19. active transport
    movement of a substance through a cell membrane against the osmotic gradient; that is, from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration,
  20. facilitated diffusion
    diffusion of a substance such as a glucose through a cell membrane that requires the assistance of a "helper", or carrier protien
  21. osmolality
    the concenttration of solute per kilogram of water
  22. osmotic pressure
    the pressure exerted by the concentration of solutes on one side of a membrane, that, if hypertonic, tends to "pull" water(cause osmosis) from the other side of the membrane
  23. oncotic force
    a form of osmotic pressure exerted by the large protein particles, or colloids, present in blood plasma. In the capillaries, the plasma colloids tend to pull water from the interstitial space across the capillary membrane into the capillary
  24. hydrostatic pressure
    blood pressure or force against vessel walls created by the heartbeat. Hydrostatic pressure tends to force water out of the capilarries into the intersitial space
  25. filtration
    movement of water out of the plasma across the capillary membrane into the interstitial space
  26. net filtration
    the total loss of water from blood plasma across the capillary membrane into the interstitial space. normally, hydrostatic pressure forcing water out of the capillary is balanced by an oncotic force pulling water into the capillary for a net filtration of zero
  27. pH
    abbreviation for potential of hydrogen. a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity. Since the pH scale is inverse to the concentration of acidic hydrogen ions, the lower the pH the greater the acidity and and the higher the pH the greater the alkalinity. Normal pH is 7.35-7.45
  28. acidosis
    a high concentration of hydrogen ions; a pH below 7.35
  29. alkalosis
    a low concentration of hydrogen ions; a pH above 7.45
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Chapter 3(Cell& pH Acids)
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