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Intracellular Fluid(ICF)
The Fluid inside the body cells
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Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
The fluid outside the body cells. Extracellular fluid is comprised of intravascular fluid and interstitial fluid.
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Intravascular Fluid
The fluid within the circulatory system;Blood plasma
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interstitial fluid
the fluid in the body tissues that is outside the cells and outside the vascular system
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Solvent
a substance that dissolves other substances, forming a solution
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Turgor
Normal tension in a cell; the resistance of the skin to deformation
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Overhydrations
the presence of retention of an abnormally high amount of body fluid
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electrolyte
a substance that, in water, seperates into electrically charged particles
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dissociate
separate; break down. For example, sodium bicarbonate, when place in water, dissociates into a sodium cation and a bicabonate anion
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ion
a charged particle; an ataom or group of ataoms who electrical charge has changed from neutral to positive or negative by losing or gaining on or more electrons
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cation
ion with a positive charge
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anion
ion with a negative charge
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isotonic
equal in concentration of solute molecules; solutions can be isotonic to each other
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hypertonic
having a greater of concentraion of solute
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hypotonic
having a lesser concentration of solute molescules
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osmotic gradient
the difference in concentration between solutions on opposite sides of a semipermeable membrane
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diffusion
the movement of molecules through a membrane from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration
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osmosis
the passage of a solvent such as water through a membrane
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active transport
movement of a substance through a cell membrane against the osmotic gradient; that is, from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration,
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facilitated diffusion
diffusion of a substance such as a glucose through a cell membrane that requires the assistance of a "helper", or carrier protien
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osmolality
the concenttration of solute per kilogram of water
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osmotic pressure
the pressure exerted by the concentration of solutes on one side of a membrane, that, if hypertonic, tends to "pull" water(cause osmosis) from the other side of the membrane
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oncotic force
a form of osmotic pressure exerted by the large protein particles, or colloids, present in blood plasma. In the capillaries, the plasma colloids tend to pull water from the interstitial space across the capillary membrane into the capillary
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hydrostatic pressure
blood pressure or force against vessel walls created by the heartbeat. Hydrostatic pressure tends to force water out of the capilarries into the intersitial space
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filtration
movement of water out of the plasma across the capillary membrane into the interstitial space
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net filtration
the total loss of water from blood plasma across the capillary membrane into the interstitial space. normally, hydrostatic pressure forcing water out of the capillary is balanced by an oncotic force pulling water into the capillary for a net filtration of zero
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pH
abbreviation for potential of hydrogen. a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity. Since the pH scale is inverse to the concentration of acidic hydrogen ions, the lower the pH the greater the acidity and and the higher the pH the greater the alkalinity. Normal pH is 7.35-7.45
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acidosis
a high concentration of hydrogen ions; a pH below 7.35
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alkalosis
a low concentration of hydrogen ions; a pH above 7.45
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