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what is inflammation
successive changes in living tissue in response to injury, infection, irritants, and disease
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what are three signs and symptoms of inflammation
pain, redness, swelling
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how does the body respond to acute inflammation?
4 physiological responses
- vascular dilation within 30 min.
- exudation of fluid into extracellular fluid
- migration of leukocytes into the area (get rid of old debri)
- gelation of fibrinogen in intercellular spaces
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what four things happen within 3 - 20 days of healing
- epithelialization to cover wound
- collagen production to increase strength of covering of wound
- wound begins to contract
- neovascularization
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how long can the final phase of healing last
one year
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what is a keloid scar
thick, ropey, scar that raises above the surface of the skin and can contract the skin together.
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how long does acute inflammation last
two weeks
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how long does chronic inflammation last
longer than two weeks
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what are some causes of chronic inflammation
- injurious situation continues
- autoimmune response – Lupus, rheumatoid arthritis
- scarring prevention
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what modalities can help influence the healing process
- heat
- cold
- pressure
- electrical current
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what medications can influence the healing process
steroids, NSAID, antibiotics
steroids – are good to a degree but they have their side effects
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what are some is physiological factors that affect healing
- poor blood supply/good blood supply
- infection, diabetes, immune status
- nutrition
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define hyperemia
redness due to increased blood flow to tissue
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define chemotaxis
attraction or repulsion of cells to a released chemical
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define diapedesis
cell squeezing out of a capillary into the extracellular fluid
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define exudate
extracellular fluid in which proteins, cells and cell debris has accumulated
- Can be many colors – yellow, green, white,
- if it is green or yellow = infection
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define hematoma
collection of blood in tissue
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is infection a normal process
yes and you do want it to occur because it is the first step in the healing process
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is there a problem with prolonged inflammation process
yes, it's meant to be a short process
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are steroids harmful to the inflammation process
yes because they can stop the adrenal gland and its hormones from secreting the hormones necessary to start the inflammation response
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