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secretion is influenced by the anterior pituitary gland
androgen
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examples of androgens
testosterone, fluoxymesterone, methyltestosterone
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stimulates the growth in size of the accessory sex organs
testosterone
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prmote tissue building
anabolism
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can androgen be administered to both men adn women? what for?
yes, and to increase sense of well being and sex drive
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andrgen replacement therapy is given to men for what reasons?
testosterone deficiency, hypogonadism, delayed puberty
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androgens are administered to women for what reason?
postmenopausal (1-5) yrs, metastatic breast carcinoma, premenopausal, hormone dependent, removal of ovaries may require the need for tertosterone as well as estrogen
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side effect of androgens? male and female
- in males: gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, enlargment of the penis, erectile dysfunction
- in females: amenorrhea, virilization
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synthetic drugs chemically related to androgens
anabolic steriods
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anabolic steriods function?
promote tissue growth, but have minimal effects on sex characteristics
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ex of anabolic steriods
nandrolone and oxymetholone
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management of anemia and renal insufficiency, controls metastic breast cancer and promotes wight gain such as after surgery, HIV or infections
anabolic steriods
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adverse reactions of anabolic steriods? males and females
- males: gynecomastia. testicular atrophy, sexual dysfunction
- females: virilization, ammenorhea
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virilization is what?
when females develops male sex characteristics
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anabolic steriods and do psyiological changes how?
roid rage, suicidal tendencies, personality changes
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what should the nurse watch for while on anabolic steriods and androgens?
weight, adverse affects, electrolyte imbalance
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synthetic compound drugs which inhibit the conversion of testosterone into DHT
androgen hormone inhibitor
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what gland is dependent on DHT for development?
prostate
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examples of DHT
finasteride, dutasteride
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what is androgen hormone inhibitor used to treat
male pattern bladness, symptoms of BPH
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adverse effects of AHI?
impotence, decreased libido and ejaculate
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when administering these hormones how should pellet be placed and how often?
under the skin and 3-6 mo
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how should oral hormones be given?
with or before meals to decrease GI upset
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on transdermal what are the sites?
ABD,thight, back or upper arm
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What are some drugs to treat erectile dysfunction?
Viagra, Cialis, Levitra
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how should viagra be taken?
30 min - 4hrs before sexual activity
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how should cialis be taken?
36 hrs before sexual activity
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how should levitra be taken?
1 hr before sexual activity
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what hsould a nurse look for if a male is being put on erectile dysfunction medication?
cardiac problems esp if they are hypotension medication
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female hormones are produced by what?
anterior pituitary gland
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natural and synthetic progesterones are called what?
progestins
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examples of progesterones?
medroxprogesterone and norethindrone
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what is estrogen secreted by?
ovarian follicle and in smaller amount by the adrenal cortex
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what restores the endometrium after menstruation?
estrogen
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what stimulatesthe fallopian tube contractions to promote the movement of the ovum?
estrogen
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what thins cervical muscus/
estrogen
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what does estrogen alter?
mineral, carbs, protein and lipid metabolism
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what is something estrogen does?
contributes to the conservation of calcium and phosporus which decreases osteoporosis
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what suppresses androgen production
estrogen
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this hormone decreases LDL and increases HDL
estrogen
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if estrogen is used with progesterone is is used for what?
a contraceptive agent
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what treatments are estrogen used for?
decreased menopausal symptoms (hot flases, sweating), female hypogonadism, atrophic vaginitis, prevent osteoporosis, acne in adults, pallitive treatment of advanced protastic cancer
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estrogen can also be administered to treat?
premenopausal females after an oopherectomy, primary ovarian failure, uterine bleeding due to hormonal imbalance
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the use of progesterone decreases the risk of what cancer?
endometrial
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adverse reactions of estrogen?
HA, dizzy, depression, n/v, bloating, cramps, dysmenorrhea, pms, amenorrhea, dermatitis, cholasma, melasma, pain at site, red or irritation
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other changes in women from estrogen reactions?
change in libido, breast pain, enlargment, PE, venous thromboembolism, weight gain or loss
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warning associated with estrogen use?
endometrial CA, gallbladder disease, HTN, CV disease, thromboembolic disease, hypercalcemia
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is there is to little estrogen administered what will happen?
endometrium will bleed 48-72 hrs
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is to much estrogen is given what is to happen?
n/v/d, bloating, dysmenorrhea, melasma, HTN, migraine, breast tenderness, edema
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administration routes of estrogen?
PO, IM, IV, transdermal, vaginally
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secreted by the corpus lutem, placenta and in small amount adrenal cortex
progesterone
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actions of progestins?
readys the endometrium for implantation of a fertilized ova, necessary for placenta development, inhibits pituitary gonadotropins which cause maturation of the ovarian follicle and ovulation
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uses of progestins?
amenorrhea, endometriosis, uterine bleeding
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examples of progesterone?
crinone, noredthindrone, medroxyprogesterone
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adverse reaction of progesterone?
bleeding, spotting, change in menstrul flow, amenorrhea, breast tenderness, edema, weight changes, acne, cholasma, insomnia, mental depression
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3 types of contraceptive hormones
monphasic, bi and triphasic
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fixed does of estrogen and progestin thoughout cycle
monphasic
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deliver hormones similart to the levels naturally produced by the body
bi and triphasic
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benefits of contraceptives?
regulates cycle, dysmenorrhea, decreased incidence of iron deficiency, decrease fibrocystic breast disease, decrease risk of cancer, reduce acne of women 15 and older
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what does smoking increase the risk for on hormones?
arterial, venous thromboembolism, mi and stroke
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example of monophasic?
yaz, ortho novum 1/50, ortho-cyclen
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examples or biphasic?
sesonique, otho-novum 1/11
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examples of triphasic?
ortho tri-cyclen, ortho-novum 7/7/7, tripasil
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CV risk increased during what hormone therapy? and why?
estrogen bc of cigarettes?
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when takin plan b what should be a requirement for calling the doctor?
vomiting with in 1 hour after does...dose should be taken with first 72 hrs then 12 hrs after initial dose
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when should estrogen be stopped for what procedures?
4 weeks and ones associated iwht prolonged immobilization
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nursing considerations for immediate report?
numbness, leg stiffness, chest pain, dark urine, yellow skin or sclera, light colored stool, sudden abd pain, pregnancy, bleeding that doesnt stop or discharge
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estradiol?
endogenous estrogen
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estrone?
endogenous estrogen
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