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What is Infection?
- The preence & growth of a microoranism that produces tissue damage
- Extent depends on # and virulence of organisms and bodies ability to destroy / contain them
- Infection is usually accompanied by inflammation but inflammation occurs without infection
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Ways to Transmitte infections
- Direct Contact: touching and infectious lesion or sexual intercourse
- Indirect Contact: contaminated hand, food, or inanimate object
- Droplet Transmission: Oral or respiratory
- Vector Borne : Insect or animal
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Control of Transmission
- Universal precautions: treat all blood and body fluid as if it were infectious
- Careful Attention to handwashing before and after each Pt
- Isolation precautions when they are deemed necessary
- Adequate cleaning of surrounding & clothing use of diinfectant and antiseptics
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Define prodromal signs
tired, anorexia, aching, general not feeling well
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Define Speticemia Infection
Infection in Blood
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Onset and Course of Infection
- organism enters body / reproduces
- Incubation period (days or months)
- Prodromal period (general feelings)
- Acute signs present (specific signs)
- Resolution - if it doesn't resolve can proceed to septicemia and death
- Can develop chronic infections (sinus)
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Local Signs of infection
- pain, edema, redness, warmth
- pus (bacterial)
- serous exudate (viral)
- Other local signs depend on the location of the infection
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Systemis Signs of infection
- Fever- becteria
- Fatigue, weakness
- Decreased appetite
- Nausea
- headache
- "don't feel well"
- Server infection can affect nervous system
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Diagnostic Test for infections
- blood
- Culture
- Stainting
- X-rays
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How do antibiotics work?
Block synthesis of bacterial wall or interfere with bacterial metabolism
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MRSA
- Symptoms: skin infection that starts as small red bumps taht resemble pimples, boils or spider bites, can quickly turn to deep painful abscesses taht require surgical draining
- Prevention: respect isolation precaution guidelines for infeted Pt. Handwashing before and after every pt
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C. Diff
- Symptoms: water diarrhea 3 or more times a day for or more days mild abdomial cramping and tenderness
- Prevention: respect isolation precautions and hadwashing before every Pt
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