Pharmacology

what is the movement of drugs through the body?

what 5 things does pharmacokinetics relate to?

what are the 3 properties that influence movement

______ molecules are lipid soluble and pass through biologic membranes easiliy

_____ drugs are water soluble and must pass through water pores of the biologic membrane or be transported through the membrane by specialized transport mechanisms

ionized drug movements depend on 3 types of transport?

what are two types of specialized transport mechanisms?

what is the process where small water soluble substances may pass through aqueous channels or water pores in cell membranes?

nonionized forms of drugs readily cross biologic membranes along a concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached, this is known as?

how do large ionized water soluble drug molecules cross the biologic membrane?

what process is it when a drug forms a complex with a component of the cell membrane and is carried through the membrane and release?

what process is the movement of drug molecules across biologic membranes against both a concentration and an electrochemical gradient?

what form of specialized transport requires energy?

what are the six factors that influence absorption?

what can delay dissolution of tablets until they have moved from the stomach?

what two ways are routes of administration classified?

what type of drug is placed directly into the GI tract by oral or rectal administration?

what is the safest, most common and convenient enteral route of administration?

____ _____ _____ may reduce concentration of drug molecules

what is it called when a drug is removed from the liver and has a low bioavailability?

_____ drugs bypass the GI tract and include various injectable routes

what are five examples of parenteral drugs?

what are two examples of topical routes of parenteral drugs?

what are the 5 features of IV route?

drug distribution is achieved primarily through?

which organs receive the drug minutes after absorption?

what may affect the duration of a drug effect?

what are four ways drugs are distributed?

t/f a bound drug to a plasma protein may cross the membrane
True False

where does the majority of metabolism occur?

why does metabolism happen most frequently in the liver?

phase I and phase II are collectively referred to as what?

what does biotransformation refer to?

what four ways can biotransformation alter drugs?

during phase I reactions a drugs chemical structure is modified through what?

what is the most commonly used pathway for phase I reactions

during phase II reactions the chemical structure of a drug is modified how?

why is CYP450 induced or inhibited and what is it responsible for?

what is the most common means to eliminate drug molecules?

what is the most important mechanism of drug elimination from the body?

what two ways does glomerular filtration work?

what is the movement of drugs from the bloodstream into renal tubular fluid by a nonselective carrier system?

what is it called when drugs need to be retained by the body and the pH of the urine is manipulated?

what is it called when metabolites in bile are hydrolyzed and reabsorbed from the gut and the drug action can be reestablished?

what is exhalation used for during excretion?

what is the removal of most drugs from the body follows an exponential or first order kinetics (implies that a constnat fraction of the drug is eliminated per unit of time)

what is the plateau level of drug accumulates and involves over four half lives to eliminate the drug?

how many half lives does it take to eliminate a drug from the body?