Music 1

characteristic sounds of a particular place, human and nonhuman

ie nonindustrial cultures rely on local nonhuman sounds - african postal workers

a group's total involvement with music; ideas, actions, instiutions & material objects

1. make or produce the sounds they call music

2. make music into a cultural domain: forming ideas & activities they consider music (sung songs or just music)

• rhythm
• melody
• harmony

time relation among sounds: nonmetered or metered

(in ord lang it's a patter or recurrence of events, like walking)

cluttered: flexible

• structured
• ie postal workers

tune that goes up and down; people sing along with it

• pitch
• timbre
• volume
• emphasis
• major scale

how low (alto) or high (soprano) the sound is; depends on sound wave frequency

• tone quality
• caused by diff voices/instruments vibrating

ie flute vs trambone: same note, diff sound

aka dynamics

melodies increase & decrease in loudness

the way major tunes of a melody are approached

ie piano is instant, singers slide to them, guitars bend the pitch

melodies in European and EuroAmerican music have been organized since the 18th C

we use octave

a melody can be harmonized: one person sings melody & other sings harmony, a differenty part at the same time

simultaneously sounding tones in a harmony

how melody & harmony interact together in music

• 1. Monophonic
• 2. Heterophonic
• 3. Polyphonic
• 4. Homophonic

• texture
• consist of a single melody,
• sings alone or several sing same melody in unison

texture w/ 2 or more voices/instruments elaborate the same melody in diff ways at roughly same time

texture w/ 2 or more distinct melodies are combined

ie Bach

texture when two or more voices are combined and one voice dominates & others accompany it

• structural arrangement
• patterns of org in rhythm, melody & harmony

ie blues (3 line verses)

• ideas about music
• activities involving music
• social organization
• Repertory of music

• 1. music
• 2. Performers
• 3. audience
• 4. time and space

• music & belief system
• aesthetics of music
• contexts for music
• history in music

• (an idea about music in music culture)
• concerns the nature of human society, art & the universe

• (idea about music in music culture)
• cultural preferences in sound quality & performance

• (ideas about music in music culture)
• when, where & how often music should be performed

• (ideas about music in music culture)
• responds to changes in human culture

• (music culture)
• the way people divide, arrange or rank themselves in relation to music
• (unevenly divided in culture)

• status
• role

prestige of musicians in social organization of music culture

• diff roles assigned to people in the music culture
• (social organization)

• style
• genres
• texts
• composition
• transmission
• movement

• everything related to the or of the music:
• pitch, time, timbre & volume

named, standard units of repertory and a music culture

ie song, instrumental music & dances (riverdance)

words or lyrics to a song

• how music enters a music culture:
• individual/group
• fixed or improvised

how music is learned/transmitted from one person to the next

the range of physical activity that accompanies music in a music culture

the tangible objects that people in a culture produce- seen, held, felt & used

• musical scores
• instruction books
• sheet music
• instructional DVD
• websites