Monarchs of Europe

French Protestant

He issued the Edit of Nantes, which allowed Protestants to worship and restored peace to France

Ruled France as minister under Louis XIII. He strengthened the monarchy by fighting the Hugenots and breaking the power of the nobles

King of France from 1643-1715; known as the Sun King, he built the Palace of Versailles as a means to consolidate absolute power; a series of wars and extravagant spending drained France's wealth

Ruled England from 1625-1649; his conflict with Parliament lead England to a civil war. He was beheaded in 1649>

He lead Parliament's forces in deposing King Charles I

He was asked by the people to rule England after the death of Oliver Cromwell

A non-violent revolution in which leaders of Britain's Parliament invited Mary and William to replace King James II

A monarchy limited by certain laws

Document that the king was forced to sign that limited his power; occured in the year 1215

1688 Parliament passed a bill that declared that Parliament would choose who would rule the country and protected the rights of citizens

A title taken by the ruler of Russia

He was also known as Ivan the Terrible because he insinuated a campaign of terror against the landowners in Russia. He was the first to assume the title of czar. He killed his son leaving no heir to the throne

The czar of Russia and he transformed Russia into a modern state by bringing in western ways and making reforms

The adoption of the culture and ideas of Western society, namely Europe and America

Czarina of Russia who ruled with absolute power and extended the modern reforms started by Peter the Great

She was Archduchess of Austria and was one of the most beloved monarchs in Austria

King of Prussia who made Prussia a major European power in the 1700s