-
Articulation between the acromial facet of clavicle & the acromion process of scapula are
Acromioclavicular lig. (synovial joint)
-
Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation (Shoulder Separation)
- Joint may dislocate with or without coracoclavicular lig. rupture. If ligament ruptures:
- - Shoulder falls inferiorly (from weight of upper limb)
- - May tear fibrous layer of joint capsule
- - Acromion becomes more prominent (projecting) Lateral clavicle may displace superiorly (projecting)
-
All of the muscles in the body are covered by
Fascia (Deep or investing)
-
The pectoral major facia is called
The pectoral fascia
-
Pectoralis minor muscle is covered by
covered by clavipectoral fascia
-
Clavicular head of the pectoral muscle action
flex humerus
-
Sternocostal head of the pectoral muscle action
Extend humerus from flexed position
-
Clavicular head and Sternocostal head TOGETHER action
Adduction & medial rotation of arm
-
Clavicular head and Sternocostal head innervation
Lateral + Medial Pectoral nn
-
What is the most commonly fractured bone in the body
Clavicle
-
Pectoralis Minor action and innervation
- Action
- Stabilize scapula
- (draws it inferiorly & anteriorly)
Innervation Medial Pectoral n
-
Serratus Anterior action and innervation
- Action
- Protract scapula
- Rotate scapula superiorly
- Innervation
- Long thoracic n. (C5, C6, C7)
- To Test
- Press hand of outstretched limb against a wall
-
A patient presents with the deformity shown below when she presses her hands against a wall. You conclude that she likely suffers from injury to the long thoracic nerve. This patient will also have difficult with what movement?
Fully raising her arm above her head (full abduction)
-
The subclavian artery changes names going inferiorly to
Axillary artery once it passes over the lateral border of rib 1
Brachial a. when it passes the inferior border of the teres major
-
Branches of the clavicular artery include
Thyrocervical trunk
Dorsal scapular a.
-
What artery feeds to the back of the scapula
Dorsal scapular a.
-
Another name for colateral circulation is
Anastomoses (receiving blood from more then one branch)
-
The Branches of the Axillary A. are
- Thoraco acromial a.
- Circumflex humeral a.(Post and Ant)
- Subscapular a.
-
The pectoralis minor muscle plays an important role in stabilizing the scapula. The somatic motor innervation for this muscle is most commonly provided by which nerve(s)?
Medial pectoral
-
Polymastia is
Accessory breast
-
-
Amastia
absence of breast(s)
-
Gynecomastia
abnormally large breasts in males
-
Suspensory ligament (of Cooper)
Support the breast, they originate at the pectoral fascia and end on the inside of the skin on the breast
-
Women have 20-50
- Mammary gland lobule,
- Lactiferous duct (there are always the same of both)
-
Breast implants are most commonly put where
Retromammary Space
-
A women can gain three pounds in pregnancy weight from
Just the enlargement of the breast
-
Breast cancer frequently spreads by
lymphogenic metastasis
-
75% Of the lymph fluid in the breast drains to
Axillary lymph nodes, initially through the pectoral nodes
-
If cancer cells invade glandular tissue
- Shortened suspensory ligs
- Large skin dimpling
-
Cancer cells invade lactiferous ducts they
Shortened ducts Retracted, deviated nipple
-
When Cancer cells interfere with lymph drainage
- Lymphedema (excess fluid, swelling)
- ‘Peau d’orange’ Sign: Thickened, puffy skin between small, dimpled pores
-
When Cancer cells invade retromammary space, pectoral fascia, or interpectoral lymph nodes
- Breast elevates when pec major contracts
- To Test: Hands on hips, press while pulling elbows forward
-
During a follow-up exam after a modified radical mastectomy of the right breast, you notice that the patient is unable to full abduct her ipsilateral arm. Which nerve is likely to have been injured during this patient’s surgery?
Thoracodorsal
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