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pharm chap. 3 & 4
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five characterisitics of pediatric patients that play a significant role in the selection of medications and apropriate dosages
*skin is thiner and more permeable
*stomach lacks acid to kill bacteria
*lungs have weaker mucus barrier
*body temp. is less regulated and dehydration occurs easily
*liver and kidneys are immature and so drugs metablism and excreation are impaired
pharmokenetics in pediactic patient in absorption
*gastric pH is less acidic
*gastric emptying is slowed
*first-pass elimination by the liver
*intramuscular absorptionis faster and irregular
pharmacokinetics in pediaric patient in distribution
*Total body water more
*fat content is lower
*protein binding is decreased
*more drugs enter blood brain barrier
pharmacokinetics in pediactric patient in metabolism
*Levels of microsoma enzymes are decreased
*older children may have increased metabolism
*status of liver enzyme production
pharmacokinetics in pediactic in excretion
*glomerular filtration ran and tubular secretion and resorption are decreased
*perfusion of the kidney
pharmacokentics for the elderly (cardio)
lower cardiac output= lower absorption and distribution
lower blood flow = lower absorption and distribution
Required drug manufacturers to list on the drug product lable presence of dangerous and possibly addicting substances
Federal food and drugs act (ffda 1906)
prohibited fraudulent claims for drug products
Sherley admendment (1912)
established the legal ter narcotic and regulated the manufacture and sale of habit forming drugs
harrison narcotic act (1914)
required drug manufactureers to provide data providing drug safety with FDA review; established IND application process
Durham-Humphrey amendment (1951)
required manufactures to demonstrate both therapeutic efficacy and safety of new drugs
Kefauver-harris amendments
established scheduals for controlled substances
controlled substance act
enabled FDA to promote research and marketing of orphan drugs used to treat rare diseases
orphan drug act
enabled faster approval by fda of drugs treat life threatening illnesses
Accelerated drug review regulations
self determination and the ability to act on ones own
autonomy
the ethical principle of doing or actively promoteing good
beneficence
the duty to respect privileged info about a patient
confidentiality
the ethical principle of being fair or equal in one's actions
justice
the duty to do no harm to a patient
nonmaleficence
the duty to tell the truth
veracity
Author
Anonymous
ID
6094
Card Set
pharm chap. 3 & 4
Description
test #1
Updated
2010-02-05T03:20:08Z
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