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What are the first 7 steps in cervical x-ray setup?
- Artifacts
- Lead vest
- Marker
- Cassette
- Measure
- Set factors
- Normal head carriage
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What are steps 8 to 10?
- For Standard unit:
- bucky
- patient
- tube
- For C-arm unit:
- tube
- bucky
- patient
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What are steps 11 to 15?
- Correct rotation
- Head clamp
- Collimate filtration
- Instruct the patient
- Make the exposure
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What are steps 16 to 20?
- Release the head clamp
- Change the cassette
- Reset factors
- Reposition marker
- Return to step 7
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What points do we mark for a lateral?
Glabella, filtrum, symphysis menti and left atlas TP
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What points do we mark for a Nasium?
Glabella, filtrum, symphysis menti, lower 1/3rd of nose, and right atlas TP
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What points do we mark for an A-P open mouth?
Glabella, filtrum, symphysis menti and right atlas TP
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What points do we mark for a BP?
Glabella, filtrum, symphysis menti, angle of jaw and midpoint between angle of jaw and symphysis menti
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What views do you correct for rotation only?
A-P and nasium
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What views do you correct for rotation and head tilt?
BP and lateral
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What size cassette do we use?
10 X 12
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How far in do we collimate?
1/2 inch inside the 10 X 12 border
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Where do we measure for the lateral?
Base of the neck with the calipers touching both sides of the neck and add 2 cm
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How is the central ray aligned for a lateral?
Vertical and horizontal crosshair through atlas TP
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What is the focal film distance for a lateral? Why?
- 72 inches
- To reduce the magnification affect from increased object to bucky distance
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What is the bucky height for a lateral? Why?
- Horizontal crosshair hits 1 inch above center
- To get all of the lower cervicals on the film
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What is the bucky angle for a lateral?
perpendicular to the floor
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What filtration is used for a lateral?
3mm covering the orbits
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What is the minimum number of cervicals you want to see on a cervical film?
7
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Where do you measure for the Nasium view?
Lower 1/3rd of the nose to the EOP
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Where does the central ray go for the nasium?
through lower 1/3rd of nose, through an area between the C1 TP and the bottom of the tragus notch to the center of the film
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Where must the doctor's eyes be?
level to horizontal center of tube to site properly
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What is the focal film distance for nasium?
40 inches
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What is the bucky angle for the nasium?
head shoulder angle
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Where is the bucky height for the nasium?
horizontal crosshair of tube hits the center of the bucky
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What is the tube angle for nasium?
down 10 degrees
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What is the filtration for nasium?
3mm down to but not touching the horizontal crosshair, 4mm up to but not touching the horizontal crosshair
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Where do you measure for A-P open mouth?
below the lower lip to EOP
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Where does the central ray go for the A-P?
Through the lower 1/3rd of open mouth and between atlas TP and bottom of tragus notch
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What is the focal film distance for an A-P?
40 inches
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What is the bucky angle for an A-P open mouth?
head shoulder angle
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What is the bucky height for A-P?
horizontal crosshair hits 1 inch above center of bucky
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What is the tube angle for an A-P?
18 degrees, for child one degree steeper than their age
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What filtration is used for A-P?
3mm down to but not touching the horizontal crosshair, 4mm up to but not touching the horizontal crosshair
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What instructions do you give the patient in A-P?
"Without tilting your head back, open your mouth wide and keep it open until I tell you to close your mouth."
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Where do you measure for the BP?
symphysis menti to crown of head
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Where does the central ray go for a BP?
through mid-point between symphysis menti and angle of jaw, hitting the bucky 1 inch below the center of the bucky
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What is the focal film distance for BP?
44 inches
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What is the bucky angle for BP?
50 degrees
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What will the protractor on the back of the bucky read for the BP?
40 degrees
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What is the tube angle for the BP?
50 degrees
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What is the bucky height for BP?
central ray to 1 inch below the center of the film
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What shielding is used for the BP?
lead apron
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