memory and learning

  1. encoding
    processing info, putting it into your brain
  2. storage
    retaining information
  3. retrieval
    getting info out of the memory bank
  4. sensory memory
    immdeiate and very fast.
  5. short-term memory
    • holds few items 'briefly'
    • anything thats not forever
  6. serial position effect
    we remember items first and last on a list better then those in the middle
  7. long-term memory
    forever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever and ever
  8. semantic
    • words and what they mean
    • type of long term
  9. episodic
    • specific events
    • type of long term
  10. visual encoding
    picture images
  11. acousit encoding
    sound and sound of words
  12. self-reference effect
    we can remember bettwe wen we relate things back to ourselves
  13. ionic memory
    photographic memory for just a few seconds
  14. echoic memory
    exact memory of a sound for just a few seconds
  15. confabulation
    filling in the blanks of our memory
  16. eidetic memory
    photographic memory
  17. selective attention
    we decide what we want to pay attention to
  18. feature extraction
    looking for details that define what we are seaking
  19. proactive interferance
    old learning blocks the new
  20. retroactive interference
    new learning blocks the old
  21. positive transfer
    old memories facilitate new learning
  22. repression
    we surpress memores to relieve anziety
  23. misinformation effect
    altered memories from exposure to wrong information
  24. learning
    a relitively permenant change in behavior that results from experience
  25. operant conditioning
    learning from consequences
  26. modeling
    duplicating others
  27. classical conditioning
    training; repetative actions until it becomes subconscous
  28. Ivan Pavlov
    a behavior psychologist
  29. neutral stimulus
    a stimulus that does not elict any particular response
  30. unconditioned stimulus
    the natural stimulus (ie food)
  31. unconditioned response
    salivate at the sight of food
  32. conditioned response
    sound of the bell
  33. conditioned response
    salivate at the sound of the bell
  34. BF Skinner
    father of operant conditioning
  35. positive reinforcement
    strengthens a response by giving a reward; providing a positive stimulus
  36. negative reinforcement
    strenghtening a response by removing an unplesant stimulus
  37. law of effect
    rewarded behavior is likely to occur again while punished behavior will diminish
  38. shaping
    the process of operant conditioning where reinforcers guide behaviors closer and closer to the desired behavior
  39. primary reinforcement
    inate, biological needs
  40. conditioned reinforcers/secondary reinforcers
    • learned through association with primary reinforcers
    • ie. money
  41. learned helplessness
    we may learn that we cant do anything in one situation and in other similar situations we feel as though we still can not do anything
  42. Martin Seligman
    dog shock experiment
  43. escape conditioning
    • type of negative reinforment
    • behavior that causes unplesant event to stop
  44. avoidence behavior
    • type of nevative reinforcement
    • behavior that avoids unpleasant events
  45. physical reinforcer
    • tanjable things
    • ie. house, high five, food, hug
  46. phychological reinforcer
    smile, praise, facial expressions or body language
  47. symbolic reinforcer
    • xoxox
    • =]
    • <3
  48. scheduels of reinforcement
    • fixed(known time) or variable(time changes)
    • and
    • ratio(quantity) or interval((how long)
  49. disinhibition
    • to make someone not shy
    • used to overcome fears
Author
amira93
ID
60456
Card Set
memory and learning
Description
psychology memory and learning.
Updated