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Psychobiology
- The study of the
- physiological, evolutionary, and developmental mechanisms of behavior and
- experience
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•Physiological
Psychology
- –studies neural mechanisms of behavior thru surgical,
- electrical, & chemical manipulation of the CNS (usually in animal subjects)
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Physiological
explanation
- •relates
- behavior to activity in the brain & other organs
- testosterone & bird song
- increase in the size of a brain area
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Ontogenetic
explanation
- development of a structure or behavior
- sensitive periods-really important for this to take place
- male songbird must hear song early in life
- but won’t sing until the next year
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Evolutionary
explanation
- •reconstructs
- the evolutionary history of a structure or behaviorcommon ancestry
- two species of sandpipers vocalize in distinct pulses
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Functional
explanation
- •describes
- why a structure or behavior evolved as it did
- focus on behavior’s purpose
- males sing to attract mates & defend territories from othermales
- organism need
- not understand function- sex was not known to make new babies in our distant
- ancestors
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•The
alternative position of monism
- –the belief that the universe consists of only one kind of
- existence
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Materialism
- everything that exists is material/physical
- extreme version – mental events don’t exist
- derate version – mental events are explainable in physical
- terms
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Mentalism
–only the mind really exists
•the problem of solipsism
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Identity
position
- –mental processes are the same thing as brain processes
- described in different terms
- e.g., emotional feeling of fright & a particular pattern of
- brain activation
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gregor medel
pea plants and dominate and recessive traits
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sex linked trait
hemophillia
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sex limited trait
present in both sexes but only present in 1 (chest hair)
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short 5 htt gene
depression is more likely with childhood trauma
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natural selection
best traits move on for survival best traits for reproductive success
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Artificial selection
dog breeding
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lamarkian evolution
if you dont use it you lose it
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altruism
helping out others
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reciprocal alturism
helping others cuz the may help you
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cerebellum
may lead to sense of self in a 3-d world
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golgi
–developed new “black stain”
- – observation of soma,
- dendrites, & axon in an intact neuron
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Cajal
- – staining via Golgi’s method, artistic talent, &
- observation of gaps between neurons in infant brains
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