Ch11.AdminOfMed&IntravenousTherapy.Test1

• 1. Work in a quiet, well-lit atmosphere that is free of distractions.
• 2. Always ask if you have a question about the medication order.
• 3. Know the drug to be given.
• 4. Select the proper drug.
• ***Check the label of the medication 3x
• (when taken from its storage; before preparing the
• medication; after preparing the medication.)
• ***DO NOT use a drug IF label is missing OR is difficult to read!
• 5. DO NOT use a drug if the color has changed, if a precipitate has formed, OR if it has an ususual odor
• 6. Check the expiration date before preparing the drug for administration.
• 7. Prepare the proper dose of the drug.
• ***Dose refers to, the quantities of a drug to be administered at one time.
• ***It is important to adminster the exact dose of the drug.
• ***A dose that is too small would not produce a therapeutic effect.
• ***A dose that is too large cold be harmful or even fatal to the patient.
• 8. Correctly identify the patient so that the drug is administered to the intended patient.
• ***When adminstering medication, the patient should be identified by his/her full name & DOB.
• 9. Before administering the medication, check the patient's records or question the patient to enssure that he/she is NOT allergic to the medicaton.
• 10. If you are giving an injection, determine the appropriate route and site at which to administer the injection being given.
• ***Allergy injection is given thru SC route.
• ***Antibiotic injection is given thru IM route.
• ***This site MUST BE free from abrasions, lesions, bruises, and edema.
• 11. Use the proper technique to administer the medication.
• 12. Stay with the patient after administering the medication.
• 13. Document information properly in the patient's chart immediately after the administering the drug.
• ***Make sure the recording is clear and legible to avoid confusion by others who read it.
• ***Document: date, time, name of medication, lot # (if required), dose given, route of adminstration, site of administration, and any unusual observations or partient reactions.
• ***Sign the recording w/ your name and credentials.
• 14. Always follow the seven "rights" of preparing and administering medication in the medical office.
• ***Right drug, dose, time, patient, route, technique, documentation.

The quantity of a drug to be administered at one time.

SC route

IM route

missing or is difficult to read.

• Right drug
• Right dose
• Right time
• Right patient
• Right route
• Right technique
• Right documentation

that the drug is given by mouth in either a solid form (a tablet or capsule) or a liquid form (a suspension or a syrup).

small intestine, although some may be absorbed in the mouth and stomach.

the water would dilute the medication's beneficial effects.

• 1. Sanitize your hands.
• 2. Assemble the equipment.
• 3. Work in a quiet, well-lit atmosphere.
• ***Good lighting aids the MA in readin the medication label.
• 4. Select the correct medication from the shelf.
• ***Compare the medication w/ the physician's instructions.
• ***Check the drug label 3x (When remove from storage, B4 and after preparing the medication).
• ***Check the expiration date.
• ***If the medication is outdated, consult the physician b/c it may produce undesirable effects for which the MA could be held responsible.
• ***To prevent a drug error, the medication should be carefully compared w/ the physician's instructions.
• 5. Calculate the correct dose to be given, if necessary.
• 6. Remove the bottle cap, touchin the outside of the lid only.
• ***Touching the inside of the lid contaminates it.
• 7. Check the drug label again, and pour the medication.
• ***Solid medications
• --Pour the correct number of capsules or tablets into the bottle cap.
• --Transfer the medication to a medicine cup, being careful not to touch the inside of the cup.
• ***Pouring the medication into the lid prevents contamination of the medication and lid.
• ***Liquid Medications
• --Place the lid of the bottle on a flat surface with the open end facing up.
• --Palm the surface of the label.
• --With the opposite hand, place the thumbnail at the proper calibration on the medicine cup, and hold the cup at eye level.
• --Pour the medication, and read the dose at the lowest level of the meniscus.
• ***Placing the bottle cap with the open end up prevents contamination of the inside of the cap.
• ***Palming the medication label prevents the medication from dripping on the label and obscuring it.
• 8. Replace the bottle cap, and check the drug label a third time to ensure it is the correct medication. Return the medication to its storage location.
• 9. Greet the patient and introduce yourself. Identify the patient by full name, dob, and explain the prodecure. Explain the purpose of administering the medication.
• ***It is crucial that no error be made in patient identity.
• 10. Hand the medicine cup containing the medication tot he patient, along with a glass of water. (If the medication is a cough syrup, do NOT offer water.)
• ***Water helps the patient swallow the medication.
• 11. Remain with the patient until the medication is swallowed. If the patient experiences any ususual reaction, notify the physician.
• 12. Sanitize your hands.
• 13. Chart the procedure.
• ---date & time, name of medication, dosage given, route of administration, and any significant observations or patient reactions
• ---In Latin po means "by mouth" can be used to indicate the route of administration.

*Medications given subcutaneously, intramuscularly, and intravenously.

Medications given subcutaneously, intramuscularly, and intravenously are absorbed more rapidly and completely than medications given orally.

administering SC, IM, and intradermal injections.

pain & possibility of infection as a result of breaking the skin.

by inserting and withdrawing the needle quickly & smoothly & by withdrawing the needle at the same angle as for insertion.

• *hub, the part that fits onto the top of the syringe.
• *shaft, is inserted intot he body tissue.
• *lumen, the opening in the shaft of the needle (is continue with the needle shaft).
• ---medication flows from the syringe and thru the lumen of the needle.
• *point, tip of the needle is located at the end of the needle shaft.
• ---the point is sharp so that it can penetrate body tissues easily.
• *bevel, is the top of the needle is slanted.
• ---the bevel is designed to make a narrow, slitlike opening in the skin.
• ---this narrow opening closes quickly when the needle is removed to prevent leakage of medication, and it heals quickly.
• *gauge, for administering medication range between 18G & 27G.
• ---the gauge of a needle is determined by the diameter of the lumen: As the size of the guage incrases, the diameter of the lumen decrease.

3/8 and 3"

**the length used is based on the type of injection being given & the size of the patient.

a shorter needle to avoid inserting a needle too deeply and possibly penetrating the bone.

longer needle to reach the muscle tissue than would be required for a normal-size adult.

it penetrates deeply enough to reach the muscle tissue.

• *is used for inserting fluids into the body.
• *It is made of plastic and must be disposed of after one use.

• *barrel, holds the medication & contains calibrated (cc unit) markings to measure the proper amount of medication.
• *flange, a rim at the end of the barrel, which helps in injecting the medication.
• ---the flange also prevents the syringe from rolling when placed on a flat surface.
• *plunger, a removable cylinder that slides back and forth in the barrel.
• ---it is used to draw medication into the syringe when preparing an injection and to push medication out of the syringe when administering an injection.

• 1. Hypodermic syringes, are avilable in 2-, 2.5-, 3-, and 5-cc sizes & are calibrated in cubic centimeters.
• ---commonly used to administer IM injections.
• 2. Insulin syringe, for the administration of an insulin injection, and the barrel is calibrated in units.
• ---most common type is the U-100 syringe, which is calibrated into 100 units in increments of 2.
• 3. Tuberculin syringes, to administer a small dose of medication, such as when administering a tuberculin test.
• ---The tuberculin syringe has a capacity of 1 cc & hundredths (0.01) of a cubic centimeter.
• ---Syringes also available with capacities of 10, 20, 30, 50, and 60 cc; however, they are NOT used for administering medication, but rather for medical tx, such as irrigating wounds, & draining fluid from cysts.

a built-in safety feature to reduce the risk of a needlestick injury.

• -is a closed glass container with a rubber stopper
• -a soft metal or plastic cap protects the rubber stopper and must be removed the first time the medication is used.
• -available in: single-dose vial, multiple-dose vial, or both.

shaking would cause the medication to foam, creating air bubbles that may enter the syringe when the medication is withdrawn.

the amount of air exactly = the amount of liquid to be removed is injected into the vial.

is a small, sealed glass container that holds a single dose of medication.

are cartridges

ex. Tubex Injector

the process of adding a liquid to a powedered drug.

the liquid used to reconstitute a powedered drug.

is made into the subcutaneous tissue, which consists of adipose (fat) tissue and is located just under the skin.

• 1) Upper lateral part of the arms
• 2) Anterior thigh
• 3) Upper back
• 4) Abdomen

capillaries, resulting in a slower absorption rate than with IM injections.

isotonic, nonirritating, nonviscous, and water-soluble.

are made into the muscular layer of the body, which lies below the skin and subcutaneous layers.

ex., immunizations, antibiotics, injectable contraceptives, vitamin B₁₂, and corticosteroids.

• *precedure where the skin and subcutaneous tissue at the injection site are pulled to the side before the needle is inserted.
• *this causes a zigzag path through the tissue when the skin is released, which seals off the needle track.