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located on dorsal side of radius
Lister's Tubercle of Radius
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Axillary Nerve (innervation, mm supplied)
C5-C6; Teres Minor, Deltoid
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Musculocutaneous Nerve (innervation, mm supplied)
C5-C6; Coracobrachialis, Biceps Brachii, Brachialis (becomes lateral cuteneous nerve of forearm)
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Ulnar Nerve (innervation, mm supplied)
C8-T1; FCU, Ulnar 1/2 of FDP, intrinsics (ADDP, FPB, Dorsal / Volar Interossei, Palmaris Brevis, Abd. Dig, Min; Opponens Dig. Min., FDM, Ulnar Lumbricales)
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Radial Nerve (innervation, mm supplied)
C6-C8, T1; Triceps Brachii & anconeus, brachialis, Brachioradialis, ECRB, ECRL, EDCommunis, EDMin, Supinator, Abd.PL, EPL, EPB)
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Median Nerve (innervation, mm supplied)
C6-C8, T1; Pronator Teres, Palmaris Longus, FCR< FD, FPL, AbPB, Opponens P, FPB, 1st and 2nd lumbracales, FDP, Pronator Quadratus
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Responsibilities of Cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia
higher mental functions; "relay station"; hormone regulation; coordination of motor movement
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Responsibilities of Brainstem
Divided into midbrain (center for visual reflexes); pons (bridge between midbrain and medulla; and medulla oblongota (automatic control of respiration and hearing)
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Responsibilities of Cerebellum
coordination of muscle tone, coordination, and posture
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Anterior and POsterior Cerebral Arteries are connected at _____; Right and left anterior cerebral arteries connected at _____.
posterior communicating artery; anterior communicating artery
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_____: Synapse before anterior horn;
_____: Synapse below anterior horn;
_____ lesion: between brain and s.c.;
_____ lesion: between ant. horn of sc and periphery
- UMN / LMN
- UMN Lesion / LMN Lesion
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"Claw hand" is loss of the intrinsic muscles due to ___ damage
Ulnar Nerve
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Effects of damage to Common Peroneal Nerve: Inability to ___, & ___.
DF / Dropfoot
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_____: Forces of mm that pull bones back together;
_____: Forces of mm that is directed away from the joint (past 90o of elbow flexion)
- Stabilizing Force
- Distracting Force
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___: Mm can shorten no more, full flexion: actively making mm not able to be used with flexion to end of ROM
___: Muscle can be elongated no more: passively extending joint to position of not being able to be used.
- Active Insufficiency;
- Passive Insufficiency
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_____: A metabolic pathway that uses energy produced by oxidation of nutrients to product ATP; capable of producing 15x more ATP than anaerobic.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
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Classes of Levers:
I:
II:
III:
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Cell Types Involved in Injury Repair (5):
1.) _____: Macromolecules with protein core and bound polysaccharides, referred to as GAG's (Glycosaminoglycans), they're synthesized in fibroblast cells within the ground substance. Function in extracellular matrix of tissues.
Proteoglycans
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Cell Types Involved in Injury Repair (5):
2.) _____: Involved with collagen production at various stages of repair.
Fibroblasts
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Cell Types Involved in Injury Repair (5):
3.)_____: Synthesized by platelets: vasodilators & Smooth Muscle contractors.
Thromboxanes
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Cell Types Involved in Injury Repair (5):
4.)_____: Smooth muscle contractors and stimulate bronchioconstriction
Leukotrines
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Cell Types Involved in Injury Repair (5):
5.)_____: Stimulate and regulate cell proliferation & differentiation; regulation of normal growth, homeostasis, injury, disease, and repair
Cytokines
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_____: Component of connective tissue; responsible for compressive strength of cartilage; extremely hydrophilic, attracts and bonds with H2O.
Glycosaminoglycans
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Phases (3) of intraarticular ligament healing:
- I: Inflammatory Reaction
- II: Matrix and cellular proliferation
- III: Decreased active matrix synthesis, increased Type I Collagen, closer to normal.
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