LA Midterm

the audience knows what will happen, but the characters do not.

the reader is warned about events to come by certain details - you see a shadow of what to come.

the one thing you don't want or expect to happen does happen; a funny or added twist of events.

the time and place of the story.

the form of writing.

one thing is said but another is meant.

a surprise ending.

the main point of the story.

reveals the narrators attitude towards the subject and the characters in the story.

Write a story using no less than five paragraphs.

Give each person a personality.

Exposition, complication/crisis, climax, resolution.

Choose correct tense, subject/verb agreement, number agreement, capitalization and punctuation.

Use dialogue.

Label each person by giving them a name.

Apply characteristics of story-telling (dialogue, details, events, vivid language action, five senses, and character development).

Tell event in chronological order.

End by typing up all loose ends and presenting a strong resolution.

a word group that contains a subject and a verb that expresses a complete thought.

Ex: Scott Joplin was a well-known ragtime pianist.

is a word group that looks like a sentence but does not contain both a subject and a verb and does not express a complete thought.

Ex: was a well-known ragtime pianist.

makes a statement and punctuates with a period.

gives a command or makes a request and punctuates with a period or exclamation point.

asks a question and is punctuated with a question mark.

shows excitement and is punctuated with an exclamation point.

a sentence that contains two or more independent clauses and no subordinate clauses.

Ex: According to legend, Betsey Ross made our first flag, but little evidence supports this.

a sentence that contains one independent clause and at least one subordinate clause.

Ex: When I watch Martha Graham's performances, I feel like studying dance.

names persons, places, things, or ideas.

Ex: Sue and I write down names of CDs we want from the mall.

takes the place of nouns.

Ex: This yearbook is theirs, but I'm sure they will share with us if we ask them.

takes objects and carries the action of a subject and apply into an object. They tell what the subject does to something else - always has a direct object.

Ex: He bought a shirt.

cannot take a direct object.

Ex: The plant has thrived on the south windowsill.

is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun.

Ex: These mangoes.

is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.

Ex: They said that the forest fire started here.

is a word used to join words or groups of words.

FANBOYS - for, and, nor but, or, yet, so.

is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun, called the object of the preposition, to another word - usually tells where.

is a word used to express emotion.

is a noun, pronoun, or word group that tells who or what receives the action of the verb.

• Ex: The picnic basket held sandwiches.
• (Ask who or what the basket held.)

is a noun, pronoun, or word group that sometimes appears in sentences.

• Ex: The mailman delivered me my mail.
• (Ask whom? Or for whom?)

takes place now.

Ex: I shop at Macy's.

occurred in the past.

Ex: I shopped at Macy's yesterday.

will happen in the future.

Ex: I will shop at Macy's tomorrow with my friends.

occurred in the past and is still happening.

Ex: I have shopped at Macy's many times before.

occurred before another past action - two actions happen in the past, one before another.

Ex: I had shopped at Macy's after I came home from dance class.

will be finished before a stated time in the future.

Ex: I will have shopped at Macy's before my dance class, which starts at 5:00PM.

the verb is in the active voice when the subject of the sentence performs the action - the action is done by its subject.

Ex: The girl hits the ball.

the verb is in the passive voice when the subject is acted upon - used any part of the verb to be.

Ex: The ball was hit by the girl.

"Yes!" said Johnny, "I got a 95% on my math test!"

"Wow! That test was really hard," said Mary.

using sentences of different lengths and forms - compound, complex, simple, and compound-complex.

phrases or words that connect one idea to the next.

words that act like signals or signposts to indicate to the reader the order and flow of the inside of a paragraph - first, next, the final, as a result, etc.

persuade the reader to agree with the write by using statistics, direct quotes, testimonials, surveys, and comments.

• -hook
• -background information
• -thesis statement
• -reasons 1, 2, and 3
• -restate thesis in different words

• -open with a transition
• -reason 1, 2, or 3
• -supporting facts, examples, and details

• -open with a transition
• -restate thesis
• -restate reasons 1, 2, and 3
• -alternative
• -call to action
• -add a closing statement to tie up all loose ends
• -end on a positive note