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Steppe
Who- home to nomadic tries and empires because of pastures
What- vast grassland
When- important throughout Asian history, although they still exist today
Where- Central Asia
How- relate to Mongol Empire because it is the region they came from, so it impacted their lifestyle by forcing them to be nomads due to lack of agricultural opportunities until they took over China
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Monsoon
- Who- term used by geographers and historians to help
- describe weather patterns that affect people
What- seasonal winds that change direction twice a year
When- occur twice a year (during summer and winter in Asia)
Where- throughout the world, in some places more drastic than others
How- example of climate or geography of an area changing the way people live, enabled the survival of people in the Indus River Valley
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Filial piety
Who- citizens of the Han dynasty
What- obedience and respect for one’s parents and ancestors
When- during the Han dynasty
Where- China
How- it was an important Confucian belief
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Mandate of Heaven
Who- first used by the Zhou dynasty and later by many others such as Qin to gain loyalty
What- principle stating that the gods would support a just ruler, but they would not allow anyone corrupt to hold power
When- began around 1100 BC
Where- China
How- Chinese rulers later used it to explain the dynastic cycle
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Bedouins
Who- small groups of nomadic people
What- moved their herds between scattered oases
When- around 1,500 years ago
Where- Arabian Peninsula
How- important because Muhammad (founder of Islam) grew up a bedouin
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Ka’aba
Who- considered sacred by polytheist Meccans
What- an ancient building, in one wall was a stone (possibly meteorite) said to be relic from heaven, inside were idols (small statues of local gods)
When- the 500s
Where- Mecca
How- this site drew religious pilgrims
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Muhammad
Who- founder of Islam
What- received revelations from Allah which he shared with others to form a new religion, him and followers were forced to leave Mecca when the new ideas were unwelcome, traveled to Medina and recruited more followers, took over Mecca
When- born in 570
Where- grew up in Mecca
- How- Islam became the fastest growing universal
- religion
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Caliph
- Who- title given to the political and religious leader of
- Muslims, Abu Bakr was first
What- “successor to the Prophet”
When- after Muhammad died in 632
- Where- Muslim territory from Arabia
- expanding in all directions
How- important to have a leader so the Muslims could expand and create an empire
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Genghis Khan
Who- means “Universal Ruler”, got this title after becoming emperor (original name= Temujin)
What- used military skills and leadership to conquer rivals and unite the Mongol class, built strong armies and led the Mongols in conquering enemies
When- rose to power in late 1100s, but officially became emperor in 1206
Where- Mongol empire
How- important in Asian history because under his rule, the Mongol Empire controlled much of northern China and Central Asia, which began the dominance of the Mongols in Asia
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Qu’ran
Who- used by Muslims,
What- the sacred text of Islam, collection of Muhammad’s revelations
When- written years after the revelations
Where- Arabian Peninsula
How- important to Islam religion because Muslims read it to hear Allah’s teachings and have a religious experience
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5 Pillars
Who- delivered by Muhammad to the Muslim people
- What- the five basic acts of worship in Islam
- 1. the declaration of faith (shahada)
- 2. the performance of 5 daily prayers (salat)
- 3. the giving of alms (zakat)
- 4. fasting during the month of Ramadan (sawn)
- 5. pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)
When- followed during present day
Where- throughout the Islamic world
How- they are central to the Islam religion
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Monotheism
Who- religions such as Judaism, Christianity, Islam
What- the belief in one god
When- first was Judaism, ancient times to present day
Where- around the world
How- many of the religions we studied share this belief
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Four Noble Truths
Who- taught by the Buddha
- What- the guidelines of Buddha’s teachings
- 1. life = suffering
- 2. desires cause suffering
- 3. you can stop suffering by stopping desire
- 4. the way to end desire is by following the Eightfold Path
When- followed during present day
Where- began in northern India
How- important to the lifestyle of all Buddhists
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Middlemen
Who- the two ends of the Silk Road (China and Europe) valued them
What- merchant who buys goods and resells them to other merchants instead of the ultimate customers for a higher price
When- time that the Silk Road was in use (beginning around 200 BC)
Where- along the Silk Road
How- important so countries can buy useful goods that they don’t have
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Caravans
Who- traders
What- a group of wagons/mules/camels travelling together
When- time that the Silk Road was in use (beginning around 200 BC)
Where- the Silk Road
How- important because a large group protected merchants from being attacked
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Supply and demand
Who- merchants and trading companies
What- the more goods were wanted in the foreign market, the more they were bought and sold for a higher price
When- time that the Silk Road was in use
Where- Silk Road
How- important to profit
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