DewittChapter36

is the main method of supplying the pt with fluids and medications when the pt is unable to them orally or rectally.

amounts are recorded under parenteral fluid.

• 1. Fluids and electrolytes
• 2. Effective meds given by this route
• 3. Blood plasma or other blood components
• 4. Nutritional formulas glucose, amino acids and lipids.

1500 to 2000 mL of fluids in a 24 hr period to replace fluids eliminated by the body.

have the same concentration, or osmolality, as blood and are used to expand the fluid volume of the body.

contain less solute than extravascular fluid and may cause fluid to shift out of the vascular compartment.

have a greater tonicity than blood. Are used to replace electrolytes and when given as concentrated dextrose solutions, produce a shift in fluid from the intracellular to the extracellular compartment.

a bag of solution, a regular tubing set, a needleless connector, and an IV stand.

• 1. Reg drops ( 10 to 20 gtt/mL) IV therapy to most adults
• 2. Macrodrops (10 gtt/mL) used for viscous fluids, blood
• 3. Microdrops (60 gtt/mL) small amts of required infants and children. frag veins

advantage is that when the solution in the smaller bag has been infused, the primary IV begins to flow again w/o further adjustments.

used to infuse certain blood products. Blood on one side and normal saline on other side.

intro of blood components into the blood stream.

a machine that delivers IV fluids at a rate that is set by the nurse.

a tubelike chamber that will hold 150 mL of fluid.

that a fluid overload cannot occur because only a specified amt of fluid is available to be infused at any one time.

technique of providing needed nutrition IV or for medications that require critical accuracy such as heparin, insulin, cv meds, chemotherapy drugs.

solution is deposited in tissue outside the vein.

• 1. they exert pressure on the vein
• 2. expensive
• 3. certain types require special admin.

a small portable device that can be programmed to deliver a continuous infusion of regular insulin that mimics normal physiology.

such as a needle, or catheter that allow direct access to the circulatory system.

must be verified by radiographic studies before any fluid is infused through them.

other needles cause damage to the port.

epidural space of the spinal column.

intrathecal space of the spinal column.

alert the charge nurse if you find these medications are being stored together.

piece of the catheter obstructing blood flow.

and occurs when fluid or medication leaks out of the vein into the tissue.

by irritation of the vein by the needle, catheter, medications, or additives in the IV solution.

when infectious pathogens are introduced into the bloodstream from breaks in sterile technique during cannula insertion or any time the system is opened to change the bag or tubing.

must be checked at least once and hour.

for adverse or side effects of previously administered doses of IV or PB medications before admin of next dose.

size of the catheter, the height of the solution container, and the viscosity of the fluid.

supervision when performing a venipuncture.

ask another nurse to peform the task.

can alter the rate of the infusion.

adjust the dosage or change the pump setting of heparin infusions.

following the 5 rights and are documented on the MAR.

common during and after surgery.

must be signed by a patient.