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What did the bonus army do in 1932?
20,000 veterans and their families build Hooverville in DC and demand bonus. kicked out by army
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when was FDR elected?
1932
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what is relief?
immediate help for families
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what is recovery?
long term plan for improvement
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what is reform?
making changes to the gov't and econ to prevent future problems
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What does FDIC stand for? What did it do? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Federal Depositor's Insurance Corporation
- insured bank deposits
- reform
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What does FERA stand for? What did it do? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Federal Emergancy Releif Association
- sends funds to agencies trying to help Americans
- relief
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Who was associated with FERA?
Harry Hopkins
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What does CWA stand for? What did it do? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Civil Works Program
- gave jobs building and repairing roads, parks, airports
- relief
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What does CCC stand for?
- Civilian Conservation Corp
- sent young unmarried men to work on camps, forests, beaches and parks
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What ethnic group was helped? How were they helped? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Native Americans
- get $ for schools, hospitals, irrigation systems
- relief and reform
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What do NIRA and NRA stand for? What did they do? Were they relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- National Industrial Recovery Act and National Recovery Act
- helped to fix econ: regulated wages, working conditions, production and prices; power was given to unions
- recovery/reform
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What does PWA stand for? What did it do? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Public Works Administration
- huge engineering projects like Grand Coulee Dam
- relief
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What does AAA stand for? What did it do? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Agricultural Adjustment Act
- gov't supports farmers efforts to raise prices and farmers paid not to grow crops
- relief/recovery
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What does TVA stand for? What did it do? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Tennessee Valley Authority
- hydroelectric plants in south- provided jobs and electricity
- relief and recovery
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What does the WPA stand for? What did it do? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- Works Progress Administration
- More jobs in communities, schools, hospitals and jobs for artists, performers, musicians
- relief and recovery
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What is the Social Security System? Was it relief, recovery or reform or a combo of both?
- retirement savings and survivors benefits, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent children and disabled
- reform
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How was the new deal communicated?
fireside chats
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What were two criticisms of the new deal?
- 1) too much gov't control vs. not enough
- 2) deficit spending and national debt
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What did FDR propose about the Supreme Court that was criticised? What was this propal called?
- increases number of supreme court justices, (9-12).
- Court Packing
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What is fascism?
philosphy that the nation is more important than individual
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Which two leaders used fascism after WWI and Great Depression to rebuild their countries?
- Adolf Hitler- Germany
- Benito Mussolini- Italy
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What fascist group did Mussolini form? What were they based on?
- Blackshirts
- They were angry that they were shortchanged in WWI
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What happened in Nov 1923?
Hitler failed to overthrow gov't
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How long did Hitler go to jail for? What did he do as a result?
- 9 months
- wrote Mein Kampf (my struggle)
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What does Der Fuher mean?
the leader
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What does Germany violate by invading Rhineland?
Treaty of versailles
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Who does Hitler sign an alliance with? What is this alliancce (which later includes Japan) called?
- Mussolini (Italy)
- Axis Powers
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What is the Appeasement of Hitler?
European leaders give in to Hitler to keep peace
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What happened on September 1st, 1939?
Hitler invaded Poland. WWII began
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How long did it take to take Poland?
one month
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What is the Maginot Line?
Fortification along French border facing Germany: lots of huge guns
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In May 1940, which countries does Hitler take? What does he have to avoid to do this?
- Belgium, Netherlands and France
- Avoids Maginot Line
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What was the evacuation of Dunkirk?
Rescue of British forces who had been defending France
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Who was attacking the British forces in France?
Luftwaffe air force (German)
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What was the significance of the evacuation of Dunkirk?
saved the British Army to fight another day
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What was the Battle of Britian?
Hitler begins intensive bombing campaign on Britain but they refuse to surrender
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What is the RAF?
British Royal Air Force
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Where is Japan building it's empire? What is it's goal?
Empire in China, Korea and Indonesia. Goal= take all of Asia
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What were three responses of America to the war in Europe?
- 1) remain neutral, although FDR builds up Pacific navy
- 2) congress passes neutrality acts but weapons and supplies were ssold to Allies
- 3) lend leases act= president could aid any nation whose defense was vital to America's
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What helps the economy to turn around?
war production
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What is FDR's response to Japanese agression in Asia?
FDR cuts off trade with Japan and freezes all Japanese assets in US
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On what day was Pearl Harbor attacked by Japan?
Dec 7th, 1941
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What was the result of Pearl Harbor?
congress declares war on Japan, Germany and Italy
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What does the following quote refer to:
"If your neighbor's house is on fire, you don't sell him a hose. You lend it to him and take it back after the fire is out."
Lend Lease Act
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What does Blitzkrieg mean? What does it refer to?
"Lightning War" A stategy of Hitler's to inavde very quickly
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Totalitarian
governments with total control
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What does Hitler propose in his book, Mein Kampt?
- expanding military/ German borders
- "purifying Aryan race"
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What was Hitler's response to the accusations that he murdered his enemies?
He did it for his country
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How were British troops rescued during the Evacuation of Dunkirk?
by civilian fisherman and boaters
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What was a new weapon of WWII?
aircraft carriers
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The term for America providing military weapons and supplies yo Europe:
Arsenal of Democracy
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