During which phase of drug action is a drug made available to the body?
A. Administration
A drug's portal of entry into the body is known as its:
C. Rout of administration
Which of the following is not a rout of drug administration?
C. Ointment
Which of the following methods of drug delivery are commonly considered parenteral?
I. Intravenous
II. Intramuscular
III. Paste
IV. Aerosol
D. I and II only
Which of the following methods of drug administration do not require a hypodermic needle?
I. Transdermal
II. Inhalation
III. Subcutaneous
IV. Intravenous
B. I and II only
Which of the following is not a part of the pharmacokinetic phase of a drug?
D. Receptor site
The process of incorporating a substance into a cell by engulfment and transport to the cell interior in vesicles is termed:
A. Pinocytosis
Which of the following factors may have an effect on drug absorption?
I. Rout of administration
II. Metabolic degradation
III. Inactivation by stomach acids
IV. Blood flow to absorption sitea
D. I,II,III, and IV
Which of the major body compartments contains the smallest average volume in liters?
D. Vascular space
The principal organ for drug metabolism is the:
D. Liver
Which of the following routs of drug aadministration help to reduce the firtst-pass effect? I. Oral administration
II. Injection
III.Sublingual tablets
IV. Rectal administration
D. II,III, and IV only
Which of the following organs is considered the primary site of drug excretion?
D. Kidney
Inhaled aerosols may have which type(s) of intended effect(s) on the body?
I. Enternal
II. Local
III. Systemic
IV. Oral
C. II and III only
Approximatley what percentage of an inhaled aerosol reaches the lower respiratory tract with current delivery devices?
C. 10 to 30%
The proportion of drug available from the lung, out of the total systemically available drug, is known as the:
a. TI
b. VD c. L/T ratio
d. T1/2
c. L/T ratio
The mechanism of drug action by which drug molecule causes its effect in the body is known as the:
D. Pharmacodynamic phase
The relationship between a drug's chemical structure and its clinical activity is known as the:
D. structure-activity relation
Given the following information, which drug is more potent? Drug........... ED50 A ................10mg
B .................5mg
C .................1mg
D .................15mg
D. Drug C
Which of the following drugs has the greatest potential of crossing over from a therapeutic effect to a toxic effect? Drug............TI A .................2
B .................20
C .................5
D .................15
B. Drug A
The drug albuterol binds to its corresponding receptor in order to initiate response of bronchodilation. By definition, albuterol is known as a:
A. Agonist
Two different drugs (each with its own mechanism of action) are administered to a patient in an attempt to relieve bronchoconstriction. The ordering physician hopes that the effect of the drug pair will be greater than the sum of the effects of each individual drug. If successful, this will be an example of:
a Potentiation
b. Synergism
c. Additivity
d. tolerance
b. Synergism
A perfectly efficient aerosol delivery device would theoretically have an L/T ratio of:
A. 1.0
Which of the following factors can increase the lung availability/total systemic availability ratio of inhaled drugs?
I. Efficient delivery devices
II. Inhaled drugs with a high first-pass metabolism rate
III. Mouthwashing
IV. Use of a reservoir device
A. I,II,III, and IV
The drug methacholine can stimulate parasympathetic receptors in the airways, causing bronchoconstriction. Epinephrine can stimulate B2 receptors in the airways, causing bronchodilation. these two opposing effects that cancel each other are an example of:
