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Electric charge is
conserved.
It can be neither created nor destroyed. The total electric charge of the universe is constant.
Electric charge is
quantized.
Electric charge comes in interger multiples of a fundamental charge
e
= 1.60 x 10
-19
The
Electric Field
is:
the force per unit charge at a point in space. It is a vector quantity which points in the direction of the force on a positive charge at that point.
(vector)E = (vector)F
+
/ q
+
Electric field lines
are
:
a graphical mapping of the electric field produced by a configuration of electric charge.
Properties of
electric field lines:
-lines start on
positive charges
and end on
negative charges
-the direction of the electric field is
tangent
to the field line
-field lines never cross since the
direction
of the force on a charge is
unique
-the closer together the field lines, the
stronger the electric field
-the number of field lines leaving or entering a charge is
proportional to the magnitude of the that charge
In a
conductor:
it takes very little force to strip the electrons from the atoms so that they are free to flow through the material.
In an
insulator:
it takes an extremely strong electric field to cause the electrons to conduct.
A
semi-conductor:
is in between the extremes of
conductors
and
insulators
Electrostatics
applies when:
the electric charges are at rest in or on the material. This produces an electric field that is constant in time.
Electrostatic properties of
conductors
:
-the electric field is
zero
everywhere inside a charged conductor if the charges are at rest
-Any excess charge on a conductor resides
entirely on the surface
of the conductor
-the electric field at the outer surface of a charged conductor is
perpendicular to the surface
-Excess charge accumulates at
sharp or sharply curved points
Author
Anonymous
ID
59851
Card Set
Physics II
Description
Bold Words from the Notes
Updated
2011-01-14T22:35:35Z
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