The idea that each individuals species on the planet was specially created by God and can never fundamentally change.
Microevolution
The theory that natural selection can, over time, take an organism and transform it into a more specialized species of that organism.
Macroevolution
The hypothesis that the same processes which work in microevolution can, over eons of time, transform an organism into a completely different kind of organism.
Strata
Distinct layers of rock.
Fossils
Preserved remains of once living organism.
Structural homology
The study of similar structures (bones or organs, for example) in different species.