biology chapter 1

all creatures can be categorized into six groups or kingdoms

the transfer of energy from one form to another in cells

organisms act to keep their interior conditions relatively constant

• cellular
• organismal
• populational

a group of of the same species living in the same place

all the populations of different species living together in one place

all the populations of a particular kind of organism together form a species its members are similar in appearance and able to interbreed

a biological community and the soil and water within which it lives together

those organisms whose characteristics make them better able to survive the challenges of their environment live to reproduce passing their favorable characteristics on to their offspring

characteristics selected by breeders to exhibit exaggerated characteristics

using general principals to explain specific observations

the way of discovering general principals by careful examination of specific cases

we do not alter the variable

a higher degree of certainty

the collection of data through observation and experiment and the formulation and testing of hypotheses

all organisms are composed of cells and all cells come from other cells

all organisms on earth encode their genes in strands of DNA

the genes of an organism are inherited as discrete units

attributes the diversity of the living world to natural selection

kingdom of prokaryotes (the simplest of cells that do not have a nuclei)

the second of the two prokaryotic kingdoms

most of the unicellular eukaryotes (those who cells contain a nucleus) are grouped into this kingdom

non photosynthetic organisms mostly multicellular who digest their food externally

photosynthetic multicellular organisms that are terrestrial

non photosynthetic multicellular organisms that digest their food internally

• archaea
• bacteria
• protista
• fungi
• plantae
• animalia

• cellular organization
• metabolism
• homeostasis
• growth and reproduction
• heredity

• atoms
• molecules
• macromolecules
• organelles
• cells

• tissues
• organs
• organ systems
• organism

• population
• species
• community
• ecosystem

• cell theory
• gene theory
• theory of heredity
• theory of evolution