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Chapter 3 Terms

  1. the center of an atom; made up of protons and neutrons
    nucleus
  2. a positively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom
    proton
  3. a neutral subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom
    neutron
  4. a tiny negatively charged subatomic particle moving around outside the nucleus of an atom
    electron
  5. any of the possible energies an electron may have in an atom
    energy level
  6. a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons
    orbital
  7. an electron in the outermost energy level of an atom
    valence electron
  8. properties of elements tend to change in a regular pattern when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, or number of protons in their atoms
    periodic law
  9. a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
    period
  10. a vertical column of elements in the periodic table
    group(family)
  11. the process of adding electrons to or removing electrons from an atoms or group of atoms
    ionization
  12. an atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one or more electronsand therefore has a net electric charge
    ion
  13. an ion with a positive charge
    cation
  14. an ion with a negative charge
    anion
  15. the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
    atomic number
  16. the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
    mass number
  17. any atoms having the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
    isotopes
  18. a quantity equal to one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
    atomic mass unit(amu)
  19. the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occuring isotopes of an element
    average atomic mass
  20. the elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity
    metals
  21. the elements that are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity
    nonmetals
  22. the elements hat are intermediate conductors of heat and electricity
    semiconductors
  23. the highly reactive metallic elements located in Group 1 of the periodic table
    alkali metals
  24. the reacive metallic elements located in Group 2 of the periodic table
    alkaline-earth metals
  25. the metallic elements located in Groups 3-12 on the periodic table
    transition metals
  26. the highly reactive elements located in Group 17 of the periodic table
    halogens
  27. the unreactive gaseous elements located in Group 18 of the periodic table
    noble gases
  28. the SI base unit that describes the amount of a substance
    mole
  29. the number of particles in 1 mole; equals 6.022x1023/mol
    Avogadro's constant
  30. the mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance
    molar mass
  31. a ratio equal to one that expresses the same quantity in two different ways
    conversion factor
Author
Anonymous
ID
59594
Card Set
Chapter 3 Terms
Description
physical science chapter 3 flashcards
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