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Functions
- Transport system
- keeps blood continuously circulating
- ensures continual supply of nutrients to cells
- prevents build up of body wastes
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Components
- Heart - transport system pump
- Blood Vessels - delivery routes
- Blood - transport medium
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Heart Layers
- Pericardium
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
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Pericardium
- Double Walled Sac - Parietal and Visceral
- Completely Encloses the Heart
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Parietal Pericardium
- Fibrous, tough, dense, loose fitting
- Protects and anchors the heart
- Prevents overfilling of the heart
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Visceral Pericardium
- Epicardium
- Thin, serous membrane
- Secretes serous fluid
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Heart Wall (Layers of the Heart Muscles)
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
- Endocarium
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Epicardium
Outer surface of the heart muscle
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Myocardium
- bulk of the heart (cardiac muscle tissue)
- Forms Atria and Ventricle walls (heart chambers)
- Primary contracting muscle
- Intercalated Discs (hold cells together)
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Endocardium
- Thin inner lining
- Simple squamous epithelium
- Lines Ventricles and forms heart valves
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Chambers of the Heart
- 4 Chambers
- Left and Right Atria (upper chambers - receiving)
- Left and Right Ventricle (lower chambers - pumping)
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Septum
Muscular wall between chamber
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