-
orlistat
- ALLI
- XENICAL
- pancreatic lipase inhibitor
-
ezetimibe
- ZETIA
- cholesterol transporter inhibitor
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
sucralfate
- CARAFATE
- neg charged topical protectant
-
-
-
-
scopolamine
- SCOPACE, ISOPTO HYOSCINE
- ACh antag
-
-
-
chenodiol
- CHENODAL
- dissolves gallstones
-
ursodiol
- ACTIGALL
- reduces liver cholesterol release and intestinal absorption
-
bisthmuth/methronidazole/tetracycline HCl
H. pylori infection
-
lansoprazole/amoxicillin/clarithroymycin
H. pylori infection
-
-
-
-
-
prednisolone, prednisone
inhibits inflammatory mediators
-
-
diphenoxylate / atropine
- LOMOTIL
- mu - antag + ACh antag
-
diphenoxin / atropine
mu-antag + ACh-antag
-
hydrated Al silicate
KAOLIN
-
bismuth salicylate
- PEPTO-BISMOL
- protects, coats, anti-microbial
-
kaolin / pectin
plant based absorbant
-
polyethylene glycol
- PEG, PEG-ES
- GO-LIGHTLY
- laxitive, bowel-evac
-
calcium polycarbophil, methylcellulose, psyllium
laxitive, bulk producing
-
glycerin, lactulose
hyperosmotic laxitive
-
mineral oil
emolient laxitive
-
bisacodyl
- DUCOLAX
- stimulant laxitive
-
cascara sagrada
stimulant laxitive
-
sennosides, senna
stimulant laxitive
-
dexpanthenol (dextropantotheyl alcohol)
stimulant laxitive
-
erythromycin
stimlant antibiotic
-
metochlopramide
- REGLAN
- DA antagonist - prokinetic
-
saline (Mg - hydroxide, citrate, sulfate, oxide. sodium phosphates)
osmotic laxitive
-
lubriprostone
- AMITIZA
- chloride channel activator
-
alvimopan
- ENTEREG
- peripheral mu-antag
-
-
docusate calcium
PERICOLACE
-
scopolamine, hysine
- SCOPACE
- ACh M1 antag
- Motion sickness, opioid
- Vestibular
- AntiSLUDGE, sedating (hallucinations)
-
meclizine
- ANTIVERT
- ACh, M1, H1 antag
- Motion sickness, opioid
- Vestibular
- AntiSLUDGE, sedation, anxiety (halucination, weight gain, anti-allergy)
-
diphenhydramine
- BENADRYL, DRAMAMINE
- ACh, M1, H1 antag
- Vestibular
- AntiSLUDGE, sedation, anxiety (halucination, weight gain, anti-allergy)
-
promethazine
- PHENERGAN
- ACh M1, H1, D2 antag
- Vestibular, GI, AP
- Motion sickness, inner ear infect, opioid / chemo / general anesthesia
- AntiSLUDGE, sedation, EPS/TD, akathesia, anxiety (hallucinations, weight gain, anti-allergy, diarrhea, prolactin, depression, anxiety)
-
prochlorperazine
- COMPAZINE
- H1, D2
- GI, AP
- Motion sickness, inner ear infect, opioid/chemo/general anesthesia
- Sedation, EPS/TD, akathesia, anxiety (weight gain, anti-allergy, diarrhea, prolactin, antipsychotic)
-
droperidol
- INAPSINE
- D2
- GI, AP
- opioid/chemo/general anthesia
- QT elongation, EPS/TD, akathesia, anxiety (diarrhea, prolactin, antipsychotic)
-
metoclopramide
- REGLAN
- D2, 5HT3 antag
- GI, AP
- opioid/chemo/general anesthesia
- EPS/TD, akathesia, headache, drowsiness (diarrhea, prolactin, antipsychotic, depression)
-
odansetron
- ZOFRAN
- 5HT3 antag
- GI, AP
- opioid/chemo/general anesthesia
- headache, drowsiness, constipation/diarrhea (depression, anxiety)
-
granisetron
- KYTRIL
- 5HT3 antag
- GI, AP
- opioid/chemo/general anesthesia
- headache, drowsiness, constipation/diarrhea (depression, anxiety)
-
tropisetron
- NAVOBAN
- 5HT3 antag
- GI, AP
- opioid/chemo/general anesthesia
- headache, drowsiness, constipation/diarrhea (depression, anxiety)
-
aprepitant
- EMEND
- SP/NK1
- GI, AP
- opioid, chemo, general anesthesia
-
dronabinol
- MARINOL
- CB1
- GI, AP
- Chemo
- sedation, euphoria (weight gain)
-
nabilone
- CESAMET
- CB1
- GI, AP
- Chemo
- sedation, euphoria (weight gain)
-
sweets, oils
E, K, Mg, Fe
-
dairy
A, D, B12, riboflavin
-
meat
A (liver), D (fish), B6, B12, thiamine, niacin, Fe, Ca
-
-
green veggies
K, folate, A (b-carotene), C, Ca, Mg, K
-
orange veggies
A (b-carotene)
-
fruits, OJ
K, thiamine, C, A
-
cereal, white bread
niacin, thiamine, riboflavin, syn folate, Fe
-
whole grains, bran
E, Mg, niacin, thiamine, riboflavin, folate, Fe
-
-
thiamine
TPP, pyruvate dehydrogenase
- alcohol inhibits intestinal transport
- deficiency: amnesia, ataxia, muscular wasting, peripheral neuropathy
-
riboflavin
FAD, FMN
found in dairy, grn veggies, meat/eggs, grains
-
niacin
NADH, NADPH, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, also from tryptophan
- too much, flushing
- deficiency: muscle weakness (pallagra), anorexia, indigestion, skin eruptions
found in meats, peanuts, milk, eggs, turkey, corn - soak in alkali
-
Vit B6
PLP = pyridoxal phosphate, requires FMN for synthesis, coenzyme in AA metab, heme synthesis, NT syn, glycogen catabolism
deficiency: isoniazid, alcohol, no meat no bean diet. Leads to nicrocytic hypochromic anemia (low heme), low NT syn - convulsions, depression, confusion.
Source: meat/poultry/fish, fruits, veggies
-
pantothenic acid
- CoA
- energy production, fatty acid synthesis
-
biotin
freed by biotinidase
deficiency: lack of biotinidase, IBS, raw eggs
source: egg yolk, milk, veggies
-
folate
- THFA
- synthetic monoglutamate absorbed better, required for DNA syn, RBC/WBC, enterocyte replication, spinal cord closure (spina bifida)
- deficiency: alcohol intake, methotrexate. intestinal epithelial degradation, decreased absorb.
- leads to increased homocysteine - increased heart attack, stroke
- too much: can mask B12 deficiency
sources: plant (not absorbed as well) asparagus, lentils, OJ, lettuce, rommain, broccoli
UV/heat labile
-
B12
cobalamin
binds to R protein in acidic stomach, released from R by pancreatic enzymes in sm. intestine, binds intrinsic factor, B12-IF transported/absorbed
deficiency: malabsorption, intestinal/colonectomy, bacteria/tapeworm, IBS, defective R, IF binding. Causes folate deficiency and megaloblastic anemia
maintains myeline sheath, helps convert homocysteine to methionine, introduces 3Cs into TCA.
Souces: meat. not found in veggies. vegans need inj. supplement.
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