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atomic emission spectrum?
unique spectrum of light when an atom's electron falls to their ground states
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atomic absorption spectrum?
spectrum of light absorbed when electrons are excited to higher energy level
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equation for maximum number electron in a shell?
2n2
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what does azimuthal (2nd) quantum number (l) represent
subshell
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what does magnetic (3rd) quantum number represent
orbital, possible value from -l to l
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how many orbitals can each subshell accommodate
- s: 0 -----1
- p: -1,0,1 ------3
- d: -2,-1,0,1,2 ------5
- f : -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3 ------7
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how many 4th quantum number (ms) are possible for an electron? what are they?
2... they are -1/2, +1/2
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paramagnetic material?
has unpaired electrons
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diamagnetic material
has no unpaired electrons
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what is the valence config for an element in each of the following groups
1.VA
2.IIIA
3.VIIIA
4.VB
5.VIB
- 1.s2p3
- 2.s2p1
- 3.s2p6
- 4.s2d3
- 5.s1d5
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what is ionization energy (IE)
energy required to completely remove an electron from an atom
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compare the values of the first and second ionization energy of an atom
second always higher than the first
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what is electron affinity
energy released when an atom accepts an electron
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what is electronegativity
a measure of the attraction an atom has for electrons in a chemical bond
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characteristics of ionic compounds
form crystal lattice, conduct electricity in solution, have high melting and boiling points
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what types of bond forms btwn atoms with small differences in electronegativity (.4 - 1.7)
polar covalent
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coordinated covalent bond
bond in which a pair of electron originates from just one of the atoms
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3 steps for determining geometric configuration
- 1.draw Lewis structure of the molecule
- 2.count the bonding and non bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom
- 3.arrange the electron pairs around the central atom so that they are as far apart as possible
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3 types of intermolecular forces
- dipole-dipole
- hydrogen bonding
- dispersion forces
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formula for gram equivalent weight
gram equivalent weight=molar mass/ n
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formula for calculating equivalents?
equivalents=weight of compound/ gram equivalent weight
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empirical formula?
simplest whole number ration of the elements present in a compound
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formula for calculating percent composition
mass of X in compound/ molecular weight of compound x100%
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Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq)-->Cu(s) +ZnSO4 (aq)
1.total ionic equation
2.net ionic equation
3.spectator ions?
- 1.Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq) +SO42- (aq) ---> Cu (s) + Zn2+(aq) +SO42-(aq)
- 2.Zn (s) + Cu2+(aq)--->Cu (s) +Zn2+(aq)
- 3.SO42-
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elementary rxn?
rxn that cant be decomposed into other rxn
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general formula for the rate law of
aA+bB--->cC+dD
rate=k[A]x[B]y
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what is enthalpy change of a rxn (delta H)
the difference btwn potential energy of the products and the potential energy of the reactants.
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equilibrium constant for
A+3B--->2C+2D
Keq=[C]2[D]2/[A][B]3
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does Keq for a rxn consistent for all temp?
no, it's specific for a given temp
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if there is much more product than reactant at equilibrium, what can be said of Keq?
K>1
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