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Trauma
A physical injury or wound caused by external force or violence. Leading killer of people under 44. Trauma is a surgical disease.
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Statistics
- 155,000 deaths per year
- 45,000 are automotive related
- 30,000 firearms
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Penetrating Trauma
Injury caused by an object breaking the skin and entering the body
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Blunt Trauma
Injury caused by the collision of an object with the body in which the object does not enter the body
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Public Health Model of Trauma
- Surveillance
- Risk analysis
- Intervention development
- Implementation
- Evaluation
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Epidemiology
Study of disease to determine its prevalence, course and seriousness
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Trauma Center
Hospital that has the capability of caring for acutely injured patients. Strict criteria to use this designation.
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Trauma Center Designations
- Level I- Regional Trauma Center
- Commites resources to address all types of specialty trauma 24/7/365
- Level II- Area Trauma Center
- Commits resources to address most common trauma emergencies with surgery available 24/7/365. Will stabilize and transport to regional center.
- Level III- Community Trauma Center
- Commits to special ED training and has some surgical capability but will stabilize and transfer to higher level center as needed.
- Level IV- Trauma Facility
- Remote areas small hospital may be designated a trauma facility, meaning it will stabilize and prepare seriously injured patients for transfer to higher level center.
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Trauma Triage Criteria
Guidelines to aid prehospital personnel in determining which trauma patients require urgent transportation to a trauma center
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Mechanism of Injury
The processes and forces that cause trauma
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Index of Suspicion
Anticipation of bodily injury based on mechanism of injury.
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Golden Period
Concept that it is important to hasten care and delivery to a trauma center for the seriously injured patient. Replaces the GoldenHour
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