AH CH1: The problem of Government

ultimate political power--having the final say.

the cycle from tyranny to anarchy to which sovereign power and its ill effects give rise. tyranny to revolution to anarchy to competing groups to tyranny.

a ruler exercising absolute power

a means of removing someone from power

absolute power centralized in one pwerson (or small group)

• no one person (or group) maintains absolute power. characterized by mass disorder caused by failure to agree on a common course of
• actions.

groups that in a state of anarchy fight for supreme power and control.

• reasonably stable and prosperous society without an oppressive tyranny. usually includes peace, respect, vibrant culture, and
• personal freedom to live the way on chooses.

• 427- 347 BC
• Greek Philosopher which extolled civic virtue and the necessity of arete.

• virtue as extolled in plato's rebulic.
• backbone of rebulican morality. striving for excellence.

ruling by a sanction higher than stark necessity: sanction may stem from divine right wisdom or consent.

1566-1625. claimed political legitimacy through a "divine right of kings"

political theory that royal lines are established by god and that kinds rule by divine decree.

divinely inspired rule or rule by religion

rule based on distinguished or wise ancestors and heritage

the privilege of taking part in the political process and observing society's rules.

the fundamental disposition of humans that determines their behavior.

wisdom, courage, temperance, and justice

Meekness, patience, humility, long suffering, compassion, love for one's neighbor.

• 18th century philosophical movement that proposed individual self interest, rather than Greek virtue or Christian humility, as the
• motivating factor in human behavior.

• one of the four alternative forms of government; sees people as children in need of a carefully controlled environment provided by
• government.

one of 4 alternative forms of government. sees people as mostly good but corruptible and so government should have restricted power and try to encourage a good moral climate.

first ten amendments to the constitution regarding basic protections of rights from the government, passed in response to the anti-federalist argument against the initial constitution.

one of the four alternatives forms of government; sees the most important value as individual freedom and holds that government should only protect that freedom and nothing more.

one fo the four alternative forms of government. sees people in the most favorable light, but institutions or other influences can corrupt them so government is necessary to protect them from such corruption.

• Third President. Principal author of the Declaration of Independence.
• Political philosopher promoted classical liberalism, republicanism, and the separation of church and state, he was the author of the virginia statute from religious freedom which was the basis for the establishment clause.

rules and restrictions

Structure. Participation. Law. Custom and Tradition. Moral Sense. Founding Myths. Leadership.

City or city-state, often self-governed by its citizens as the ancient Greek city-states were.

The social concept of a group of autonomous individuals living in a state of nature, making a common agreement about the sort of political world they want to live in.

• Hypothetical condition assumed to exist in the absence of government where human beings live in "complete freedom and general
• equality.

• 1451-1506
• Genoese mariner who discovered the Americas while searching for a new trade route to india.

Colonial Settlements established for economic or financial purposes by various companies. Although usually chartered by the crown, their remote circumstances helped foster the idea and practice of self-governance. Virginia Company. Charter signed by James I 1606. Jamestown.