People may be pre-disposed genetically but there has been no gene identified that causes spina bifida
what are the three types of spina bifida?
spina bifidaocculta
meningocele
Meningomyelocele
what is the least serious type of spina bifida
spina bifida occulta
what is the worst type of spina bifida
meningomyelocele
what percent of the population has spina bifida occulta
10%
why is spina bifida meningomyelocele so serious
because the spinal cord has moved into the pouch
true or false – spina bifida occulta the patient will demonstrate no neurological deficits
true
what is a pilonidal cyst
a cyst that occurs in spina bifida occulta that may or may not have a patch of hair
after how many days will the neural tube close after conception
28
what does the neural tube form
the spinal cord
the neural tube closes from _______ to__________
top to bottom– the lumbar spine typically has the problems and failure to close
where is the most common site for spina bifida
the lumbosacral cord
what is the occurrence of spina bifida out of every 1000 people
2
what is the cause of spina bifida
Three things
causes by combination of genetic predisposition, diet, and environment
what are two ways that spina bifida may be diagnosed before the infant is born
ultrasound
Alpha fetal protein- blood is withdrawn from the mother to test for this protein, if it is found the fetus has spina bifida. The protein comes from the fetus
hydrocephalus occurs in what percent of babies with meningomyelocele
90
how is hydrocephalus corrected
is corrected with a shunt
true or false – hydrocephalus can cause swelling in the ventricles of the brain
true
do shunts ever need to be replaced
yes
name some of the neurological deficits of meningomyelocele at L1 – L2
paralysis of the hip extensors and abductor's
fair hip abductors
contractures of the hip and flex – abduction – external rotation
knee flexion contracture
loss of sensation in legs
incontinence of bowels and bladder
possible learning disability – not sure why
what are some of the orthopedic problems of meingomyelocele
scoliosis – lordosis
fractures
hip dislocation – hip dysplasia
deformities from contractures – no extension
true or false – it is important for kids with spina bifida to be on their feet at an early age
true
true or false – it is important for adults with spina bifida to be on their feet
false – it is recommended but not as important as children with spina bifida to be on their feet