People who favored a Jewish national homeland in Palestine.
Canaan
The ancient home of the Jews.
Diaspora
The global dispersal of the Jews.
Balfour Declaration
Balfour promoted the idea of creating a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
Hamas
Palestinian extremist group.
PLO
the Palestine Liberation Organization. Formed to push for the formation of a Palestinian state.
Camp David Accords
Ended 30 years of hostilities between Egypt and Israel. Signed by Begin (Israeli Prime Minister) and Sadat (Egyptian president).
Oslo Peace Accords
Yitzhak Rabin (Israeli Prime minister) granted the Palestinians self-rule in the Gaza Strip and West Bank. President Clinton brought them together.
Road Map
a peace plan Bush brought Sharon and Abbas together to work on.
Hezbollah
Lebanese group. Their goal is the complete destruction of the Israeli state.
Disengagement Plan
Israel left the Gaza Strip and other areas to be given to Palestinians for self-rule.
Torah
the first five books of the Hebrew Bible
Quran (Koran)
the holy book of Islam.
Mosque
An Islamic house of worship.
Synagogue
A Jewish place of worship.
Nassar
An Egyptian president. He created a short-lived United Arab Republic.
Anwar Sadat
Egyptian president. Sign the Camp David Accords.
Yasir Arafat
Chairman of the PLO, terrorist.
Menachem Begin
Israeli prime minister. He signed the Camp David Accords.
Yitzak Rabin
Prime Minister of Israel. Signed the Oslo Peace Accords.
Benjamin Netanyahu
Succeeded Rabin as prime minister. He opposed the Oslo Accords, attempted to keep it.
President Carter
Helped create the Camp David Accords.
President Clinton
Helped created the Oslo Peace Accords.
Mahmoud Abbas
First-ever prime minister.
Hassan Nasrallah
The current leader of the Hezbollah
Persia
present-day Iran
Shah
Mohammed Reza Pahlavi = the Shah. He fled Iran in response to popular unrest, caused by the Ayatollah. He came to the U.S. for treatment (caused the Hostage crisis).
Ayatollah
Iran religious leader
Iran-Iraq War
Hussein vs. Ayatollah Khomeini. Fought over the Shatt al-Arab waterway.
Iranian Revolution
The Shah was forced to leave Iran. The Ayatollah took over.
Hejab
head veil on women
Iranian Hostage Crisis
Iran's revolutionaries seized the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and held the people in it hostage. This was done as a result of the Shah being in the U.S. for medical treatment and us refusing to give him to Iran.
Theocracy
Religious leader is head of state and holds ultimate poltiical power.
Shiite (Shia) Muslims and Sunni Muslims
More Shiites than Sunnies in both Iraq and Iran. Shiites believe their leaders should be Muhammad's descendants. Sunnies believe their leaders should follow Muhammad's example.
Farsi
The official language of Iran, and Persian.
Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi
Fled Iran in response to popular unrest that ws caused by the Ayatollah.
Iranian Nationalists
Iranian Nationalists seized control of the U.S. Embassy and held the people in it hostage in exchange for the Shah, whom they did not receive.
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeni
Lived in exile. Had the Shah flee and then returned and established the Islamic Republic.
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
President of Iran. Made nuclear weapons.
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei
Current supreme religious leader. He is the head of state and holds ultimate political power.
Gulf War - Operation Desert Storm
Iraq invaded Kuwait in an attempt to take over their oil fields.
WMD's
Weapons of mass destruction. Nuclear weapons and chemical weapons.
Economic Sanctions
The U.N. only allowed Iraq to sell a certain amount of oil each day. Oil-for-food program, allowed Iraq to sell oil in exchange for food and basic supplies.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
Invaded Iraq and removed Saddam Hussein from power.
Saddam Hussein
part of the Ba'ath Party. President of Iraq. Made WMD. Removed from power by the U.S. and other nations and killed.
George H. Bush
president while Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait.
George W. Bush
Helped create the road map.
Jalal Talabani
Iraqi president - head of state.
Soviet Invasion in 1979
Afghan communists overthrew the government. Soviet Union invaded and took over Afghanistan.
Operation Enduring Freedom
troops from U.S. are working to round up all al-Qaeda and Taliban merchants. We then created a temporary government.
Al-Qaeda
a world wide terrorist network.
Taliban
students of Islamic knowledge who came to power.
Afghanistan languages
Pasto and Dari
Osama bin Laden
Saudi terrorist spoke out in favor of attacks against the U.S. and our allies.
Hamid Karzai
appointed as president of the temporary government.