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Community-based nursing
- focuses on health conditions in the community
- illness-oriented care
- family-oriented care
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Community-oriented nursing
- focuses on the health of the community
- health-promotion care
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Public health core functions
- assessment
- policy development
- assurance
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Assurance
- the public health role of making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available
- ensure that policy development and interventions are appropriately carrient out to meet public health goals and plans
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Public Health Nursing
- population-focused practice
- a subset of community-oriented nursing
- uses nursing, social, and public health sciences to provide care to population
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Shattuck Report
- 1850 Masschusetts Sanitary Commission report
- called for major improvements in state government for public health
- took 19 years to begin implementation
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Lillian Wald
- leader of public health nursing in late 1800s - 1900s
- established Henry Street Nurses Settlement
- had life insurance companies pay for nursing services
- introduced the idea of school nurses (Lina Rogers)
- first president of NOPHN
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Utilitarianism
- consequence-focused
- the moral value of an action depends on its overall benefit
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Deontology
- an action is either right or wrong, regarless of the amount of good that might come from it
- a person is an ends in themselves, not a means to an end
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Principles of Biomedical Ethics
- respect for autonomy
- nonmaleficence
- beneficence
- distributive justice
- (1960s)
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Three theories of distributive justice
- egalitarianism: equal rights and treatment
- libertarian: right to private property, personal liberty
- liberal democratic theory: values both liberty and equality
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4 modes of culturally competent care
- preservation
- assessment
- repatterning
- brokering
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Primary health care vs. primary care
- primary health care - broad, comprehensive services; self-management
- primary care - pathophysiological process, health care services by physicians
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Public health
- community efforts designed to prevent disease and promote health
- collective effort by community members
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Community-oriented nursing vs. public health nursing
- community-oriented nursing - health care for the community and community parts (individuals, families and groups)
- public health nursing - health care for the population, a specialty of community-oriented nursing
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