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What are the climate zones in Africa? What causes them?
- They are in this order from North to South:
- Coastal Lands (Mediterranean climate)
- Sahara Desert
- Savannah and grasslands for farming (Sudan)
- Equator (tropical rain forest)
- Savannah and grasslands for farming
- Kalahari desert
- Coastal lands (Mediterranean climate)
Notice how it is symmetrical from the equator
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What key tool did the Kush civilization have? What was their special economic advantage?
- Iron
- They were in a good place for trade
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The Nile was initially controlled by Egypt. Who took the land from the Nile to the city of Meroe?
The Kush people
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Who conquered the Kush?
The Axum people
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What goods did the Axum people sell? To whom were they sold?
- Sold: Elephants, ivory, rhino horns, and perfume. (for cloth and goods)
- Sold to: India and Mediterranean
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What religion did the Axum people practice?
Christianity
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Who were the people of Ghana? What was their main livelihood?
- The Sonnke
- They were intermediaries in the salt and gold trades
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What was the capital of Ghana? Who destroyed the civilization?
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Who were the people of Mali? Who founded the civilization? What was its capital?
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Who was the most famous Mandingo leader? What is his most well known exploit?
- Mansa Musa
- He took the Hajj and distributed gold on the way
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Complete the blanks: Songhai was a __________ civilization (religion). It was larger and __________
than Mali. It was a primarily _________ state.
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Who conquered Songhai?
The Morroccans
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The Bantu-Speaking people migrated from where? To where did they go?
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Name three Bantu-Speaking kingdoms.
- Luba
- Congo (Kongo?)
- Zimbabwe
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Zimbabwe (they had stone runs) is located between what two nations?
Zambezi and Lampopo
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When the Islamic and Bantu-Speaking people met, where did they meet and what language did they form?
- East Africa (think Somalia)
- Swahili
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Kilwa was a strong African state until the ____________ showed up looking for _____________________ to ___________.
- Portuguese
- A trade route
- India
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How did the first American people get here?
They crossed from Asia on the land bridge.
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When the land bridge was covered with water, the original Americans were cut off from other societies. What innovations did they have? What did they not have?
- Had: Gold; silver; copper; tools made from stone, wood and bone
- Didn't Have: Bronze, wheels
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When the glaciers melted, people stopped hunting and started what?
Farming
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What is Mr. Largo's favorite cologne?
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What is Mrs. Abrams' favorite perfume?
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What regions does Meso America encompass?
Mexico and Central America
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What was the mother culture of the Meso Americans? Where was it located?
- Olmec
- Near the Gulf of Mexico (in Mexico, not in Florida) <--obviously...
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What style of writing did the Olmecs have?
Glyphs
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Where would you likely find this?  How many Mrs. Johnstons tall is it?
- San Lorenzo
- Just kidding...
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Why were the Olmec priests so powerful?
They can predict eclipses, and they have immense astrological knowledge.
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What was the Olmec's premier crop? What architectural sites did they have for worship? What animal was sacred to them?
- Maize
- Pyramids
- Jaguars (made from Jade)
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What was the the first city in America? What was their foremost economic activity? How did it end?
- Teotihuacan (accent on the last 'a')
- Merchant trading
- It was attacked from the North (but it still lasted for a while before that)
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Where did the Incan civilization start?
They moved from the Andes Mntns. to the Valley of Cuzco.
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What important god did the Inca people worship?
Inti (the sun god)
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What style of control did the Inca government exercise?
They were very controlling and allowed little private trade.
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What omen did Huyana Capac recieve when the Inca empire was about to end?
Butterflies and moths flew out of a box.
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Capan was a Mayan city similar to Paris (small but artsy and intelligent). Explain the ball game they played there.
They tried to keep a big rubber ball moving, and it symbolized the movement of the moon, stars and sun. This brought a good harvest.
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Modern Mayan weavings parallel those of the past. How were Mayan people buried?
They were buried under their homes with their family members.
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What was found in Temple 16?
A preserved temple within a temple. They found flint carvings.
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Why did the Mayan civilization end?
They conquered too many groups just for the land. As a result, they got a bad rep. and people left as others attacked.
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What was special about Dos Pilas and Capan?
- Dos Pilas: Two walls made from the castle stone were constructed to hold out enemies (they were made on top of that hieroglyphic staircase)
- Capan: They built houses on farm land and there were too many people and not enough food.
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