nutrition is a science that studies food and how food nourishes our bodies and influences our health. It encompasses how we consume, digest, metabolize store nutrients and how these nutrients affect our bodies
what is malnutrition?
malnutrition includes deficiencies of nutrients, imbalances, and excesses, any of which can take a toll on health over time
why should a physical therapist know about nutrition?
The physical therapist needs to know about nutrition in order to effectively treat their patients
to help promote good eating habits
what types of patients will physical therapist treat that have a nutrition issue?
patients with high blood pressure
patients with diabetes
patients with eating disorders
what is a nutritionist?
a nutritionist has a formal education in food and food science and some have a master of science in our certified
what is a dietician?
they have a bachelor of science degree in food science, clinical internships under direction of licensed dietitian, and they must pass a licensure exam to become a licensed dietitian
Must complete a minimum of 15 CEU's per year
why do we eat what we eat?
Advertising
availability
convenience
emotional comfort
ethnic heritage
habit
etc.
true or false – the daily diet for weight reduction should have adequate amounts of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins but should furnish less than daily requirements for kilocalories
true
true or false – margarine and butter contain the same amount of calories?
true
true or false – food allergies and food intolerances are the same thing
false
true or false – a well person who eats the right kinds and amounts of food every day generally does not need vitamin pill to meet RDA
true
true or false – skipping meals is a good way to lose weight safely
false
true or false – children should not have dessert unless they clean their plates
false
true or false – calcium supplements are the best way to increase calcium intake if one doesn't like milk
false
true or false – the risk of heart disease can be reduced by following a diet low in saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium
true
true or false – white bread is just as good for you as wheat bread
false
all of this, olive oil, avocados, and most notes are low in saturated fat and moderate amounts are fine for a low cholesterol diet
true
true or false – people with diverticulitis should eat dried beans and peas because they are high in fiber, depend on individual tolerance
false
true or false – an obese woman should lose weight if she becomes pregnant
false
true or false – children should be forced to eat vegetables for their own good
false
true or false – it is impossible for elderly people to develop muscle mass
false
true or false – not all food additives are harmful
true
true or false – excessive protein intake can lead to weight gain
true
true or false – a teenager needs more milk every day that a preschooler
true
what are nutrients?
essential chemicals in foods that the body needs for normal functioning and good health.
They must come from the diet because they either can't be made in the body or they can be produced in sufficient quantities to meet the needs of the body
what are the six essential nutrients?
Carbohydrates
protein
lipids
vitamins
minerals
water
what are three macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
what are three micronutrients?
vitamins, minerals, and water
what is an example of a carbohydrate?
bread, pasta, etc.
what is an example of a protein?
beat, meets, etc.
what is an example of the lipid?
butter
what are macronutrients?
Macronutrients are nutrients that are required in relatively large amounts in the diet and provide energy to the body in the form of kilocalories
what are the three general functions of nutrients?
regulate body processes
contribute to body structures
provide fuel for energy
how do nutrients regulate body processes?
Fats?
Vitamins
minerals?
fats provide the starting materials for hormones
vitamins regulate energy production, blood clotting and calcium balance
minerals control fluid balance and regulate muscle contraction
how do nutrients contribute body structures?
Proteins
fats
minerals
proteins build and maintain body structures like muscle
fats provide structures for cells
minerals build bones and teeth
1 g of protein =?
4 kcal
1 g of carbohydrates =?
4 kcal
1 g of fat =?
9 kcal
1 g of alcohol =?
7 kcal
true or false – alcohol is not a nutrient it is a toxin, but it does provide energy to the body
true
what does the REE stand for?
resting energy expenditure
what is the resting energy expenditure?
The amount of energy required to maintain vital organ function in a resting state
what is the resting energy expenditure correlated with
lean body mass
So regular physical activity that increases body mass can increase resting energy expenditure
define adequacy
are you getting adequate amounts of all six essential nutrients
define moderation
official serving size versus your serving size
define variety
the amount the color on your plate
balance
providing a number of food types in proportion to each other
what is nutrient density?
a measure of nutrients provided per calorie of food
know how to calculate total energy expenditure and resting energy expenditure
how many minutes of daily exercise showed the average adult do every day
30 min.
how much sodium should be consumed daily?
less than 2300 mg
what percentage of daily calories should come from total fat intake?
20 – 30%
And less than 10% of calories should be from saturated fats and less than 300 mg of cholesterol daily
how many minutes of exercise should a person perform in order to prevent gradual weight gain that occurs over time?
60 min. of moderate to vigorous physical activity
how many minutes of exercise should a person perform in order to sustain weight loss?
60 – 90 min. of moderate – intensity physical activity
realistic serving sizes
Meat?
Deck of cards – 3 ounces
realistic serving sizes
Cheese?
One dice – 1 ounce
realistic serving sizes
Soft drink?
8 ounces = 1 serving
realistic serving sizes
Baked potato?
The size of your fist
realistic serving sizes
Butter/margarine?
Postage stamp
what's on a food label?
Five things
statement of identity
the net contents of the package
name and address of the manufacturer, packer or distributor
list of ingredients
nutritional information
defined extra lean
less than 5 g of fat, 2 g of saturated fats, and 95 mg of cholesterol/serving
define low fat
3 g or less per serving
define light
50% or less fat than comparison food or one third fewer calories than comparison food
low calorie
40 cal or fewer per serving
high fiber
5 g or more per serving
know how to read food labels!
Author
BPT
ID
59142
Card Set
quiz #1 – nutrition for the physical therapist – part one.txt
