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P.E- Chapter 2- Energy Systems
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Explain the construction of ATP from carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver.
Glycogen provides ATP for both aerobic and anaerobic activity
Explain the construction of ATP from fats
Fats are the major source of energy for long term physical activity. Triglycerides or free fatty acids are consumed during ATP production
Explain the construction of ATP from protein
Protein contributes to ATP production minimally, usually only in extreme cases of malnutrition and exhaustion, when carbs and fat levels are low
Name the three different energy systems
- Phosphocreatine system (ATP-PC)
- Anaerobic glycolysis ( lactic acid system)
- Aerobic glycolysis
Explain the ATP-PC energy system
- used for short explosive efforts (1- 10 secs)
-maximal effort activity
- uses muscle stores of ATP and PC
-energy created from splitting the phosphorous and creatine molecules is used to resynthesise ADP into ATP.
Explain the anaerobic glycolysis energy system
- used during high intensity sub-maximal efforts (10- 60 secs)
-uses body stores of glycogen and glucose (from muscles and liver)
- glucose is burnt with out oxygen to create energy to resynthesise ADP to ATP
-creates the by products pyruvic acid, which without oxygen will turn into lactic acid
- 2 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose
Explain the aerobic glycolysis energy system
-basis for recovery process and extended sub-maximal efforts
-uses body stores of glycogen and glucose (from muscles and liver)
-glucose is burnt with oxygen to create energy to resynthesise ADP to ATP
-due to abundance of oxygen a more complete breakdown of glucose occurs
-oxygen breaks down pyruvic in citric acid cycle (+ ATP) and then electron transport chain (+ ATP). this happens in mitochondria
- 38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
How is lactic acid removed from the body
When substancial levels of oxygen are available lactic acid is
- converted into pyruvic acid
-oxidised in mitochondria via citric cycle and electron transfer chain (creates ATP for muscles)
Author
jt.mcrae
ID
59080
Card Set
P.E- Chapter 2- Energy Systems
Description
Energy systems
Updated
2011-01-11T04:47:29Z
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