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CVS Drugs

  1. What do inotropes do?
    increase force of contraction of the heart
  2. What do cardiac glycosides do
    • increase force of contraction
    • - slow HR
    • - slow impulse conduction
  3. Common Cardiac glycoside?
    Digoxin (foxglove)
  4. What conditions do cardiac glycosides treat?
    • SVT's
    • - atrial fib and flutter
    • - heart failure
  5. PDE inhibitors - how do they work?
    • increase CO
    • increase strength of contraction
    • decrease afterload by vasodilation
  6. Two pde inhibitors
    inamrinone and milrinone - used for heart failure
  7. Class IA antiarrhythmics are used for?
    • atrial and ventricular arrhythmias
    • eg PVC; v tach; atrial fib and flutter
  8. Class I Aantiarrhythmics: examples
    • procainamide
    • quinidine
  9. How do class Ia antiarrhythmics work?
    • block sodium channels in the cell membrane to interfere with AP conduction
    • - block PNS at SA and AV nodes thus increasing rate
  10. Class iB antiarrhythmics - how do they work
    - block sodium ions during depolarization of heart - decreases excitability
  11. Class IB antiarrhytmias - used to treat what?
    ventricular arrhythmias
  12. Common Class IB antiarrhythmic?
    • Lidocaine
    • (mexiletine)
  13. Class IC antiarrhythmic- how do they work?
    slow conduction in the heart
  14. Class IC antiarrhythmic - what are they used for?
    • life threatening ventricular arrytymias
    • - SV arrhythmias
  15. Class IC antiarrhythmic - common ones
    • flecainide
    • propafenone
    • moricizine
  16. Class II antiarrhythmics - also known as
    beta blockers
  17. Class II antiarrhythmics - common ones
    • acebutolol
    • esmolol
    • propranolol
  18. Class II antiarrhythmics - how they work
    • block beta receptors - slows SA node firing
    • - decrease strength of contraction to decrease O2 consumption
  19. Class III Antiarrhythmics - how they work
    suppress arrhythmias by delaying repolarization, prolongs refractory
  20. Class III Antiarrhythmics - what are they used for?
    • ventricular arrhythmias
    • - v-tach and v-fib
    • - atrial fib
  21. Class III Antiarrhythmics - common ones
    amiodarone; dofetilide; ibutilide; sotalol
  22. Class IV antiarrhythmics - how do they work
    calcium channel blockers - decreases contractility
  23. Class IV antiarrhythmics - used for what?
    • SVT with rapid ventricular response
    • - relieve angina
    • - decrease BP
    • - restore sinus rhythm
  24. Class IV antiarrhythmics - common ones
    • verapamile
    • diltiazem
  25. Adenosine - used for what?
    PSVT
  26. adenosine - how does it work?
    depresses SA node - decrease hr and impulses from SA to AV node
  27. important thing to remember in giving adenosine?
    give rapidly in closest port - follow by saline bolus
  28. 3 classes of anti-angina drugs?
    • - nitrates (acute)
    • - beta blockers (long term prevention)
    • - calcium channel blockers (when other drugs fail)
  29. How do nitrates work?
    • vasodilation - decreases blood return to heart (preload) which decreases O2 demand on heart because it doesn't have to pump as hard
    • - decreases afterload by dilating the arteries
  30. Classes of anti-hypertensives
    • ACE inhibitors
    • ARBs
    • beta blockers
    • calcium channel blockers
  31. ACE inhibitors (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors) - how do they work?
    • interrupt renin-angiotensin system.
    • Prevents angiotensin I from being converted to angiotensin II which is a vasoconstrictor and which promotes aldosterone(sodium/water retention) thus vaso dilation and fluid excretion - decreases preload
  32. ACE inhibitors - used for what?
    • - hypertension
    • - left heart failure
    • - post MI
  33. ACE inhibitors - common ones
    • 'PRILS
    • - benazepril
    • - captopril
    • - enalapril
    • - enalaprilat
    • - fosinopril
    • - lisinopril
    • - moexipril
  34. ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blocking agents) how do they work?
    block the vasoconstriction effect of angiotensin II
  35. ARB's - common ones
    • 'TANS
    • losartan
    • valsartan
    • irbesartan
    • telmisartan
    • eprosartan
    • olmesartan
  36. ARBs - used for
    hypertension
  37. Clonidine - used for what - how does it work
    • used for hypertension
    • - inhibits SNS - causing vasodilation and decresed CO
  38. Direct vasodilators for hypertension- examples
    • diazoxide
    • hydralazine
    • minoxidil
    • nitroprusside
Author
meowzart
ID
59030
Card Set
CVS Drugs
Description
Drugs used for the CVS in Parr
Updated

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