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Biodiversity
The variety of organisms consideredat all levels from populations to ecosystems
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Taxanomy
The science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms
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Taxon
Any particular group within a taxonomic system
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Kingdom
Linnaeus's largest category
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Domains
The categories above the kingdom level
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Phyla
Subsets below the kingdom level
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Classes
What each phylum consists of
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Orders
What each class contains
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Family
Smaller than orders
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Species
Contains a single kind of organism
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Binomial Nomenclature
System of two part names
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Subspecies
Variations of a species that live in different geographic areas
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Systematics
The goal is to classify organisms in terms of their natural relationships
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Phylogenetics
The analysis of the evolutiomary or ancestral relationships among taxa
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Phylogenetic Diagram
Systematists often represent their hypotheses in the from of a phylogenetic tree
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Cladistics
A system of phylogenetic analysis that uses shared and derived characters as the only criteria for grouping taxa
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Shared Character
A feature that all members of a group have in commen
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Derived Character
A feature that evolved only within the group under consideration
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Clade
Group of organisms that includes an ancestor plus all of its descendants
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Cladograms
Phylogenetic diagram
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Bacteria
Made up of small, single-celled prokaryotic organisms that usually have a cell wall and reproduce by cellular fission
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Archea
The second domain that also consists of prokaryotes
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Eubacteria
A kingdom that aligns with the domain bacteria
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Archaebacteria
The kingdom that aligns with the domain Archea
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Protista
One of the four kingdoms of eukaryates whose members are called protists
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Fungi
The second kingdom of eukaryotes that consists of eukaryotic, heterotrophic orgaanisms that are unicellulas or multicellular and that gain nutrients in a unique way
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Plantae
The third kingdom of eukaryotes which consists of eukaryotic, multicellular plants
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Animalia
The fourth kingdom of eukaryotes that are eukaryotic, multicellular, and heterotrophic organisms that develop from embryos
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