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What are the four characteristics of a state?
- 1.) Population
- 2.) Territory
- 3.) Sovereighty
- 4.)Government
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What are four theories of the origins of a state?
- 1.) The Force Theory
- 2.) The Evolutionary Theory
- 3.) The Divine Right Theory
- 4.) The Social Contract Theory
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What are six purposes of the American system of government?
- 1.) Form a more perfect union
- 2.) Establish justice
- 3.) Insure domestic tranquility
- 4.) Provide for the common defense
- 5.) Promote the general welfare
- 6.) Secure the blessings of liberty
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Government
institution through which a society makes and enforces it's public policies.
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Public Policy
all of the things a government decides to do.
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Legislative Power
the power to make law and to frame public policies
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Executive Power
power to execute, enforce, and administer law.
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Judicial Power
power to interpret laws, determine their meanings and settle disputes that arise within the society.
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Constitution
body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government.
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Dictatorship
where everything is run by a single person, or a small group
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Democracy
when the respondsibility for the exercise of these powers rest with a majority of the people, that form a government.
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State
a body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically and with the power to make and enforce law without consent of higher authority.
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Sovereign
supreme and absolute power within its own territory and can decide its own foreign and domestic policies
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Unitary Government
a government in which all power belongs to a central agency
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Federal Government
a government in which power is divided between a central government and other local governments
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Confederation
an alliance of independent states
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Presidential Government
a government in which the executive and legislative branches are separate and coequal
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Parliamentary Government
a government in which members of the executive branch are also members of the legislative branch and are subject to the legislature's direct control.
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Division of Powers
structuring a government so that power is shared by a central and several local governments
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Oligarchy
a government in which a small, usually self-appointed, group has the power to rule
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Autocracy
a government in which a single person holds unlimited power
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What are the basic concepts of democracy?
- 1.) Worth of the Individual
- 2.) Equality of all Persons
- 3.) Majority Rule, Minority Rights
- 4.) Necessity of Compromise
- 5.) Individual Freedom
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Compromise
the matter of agreeing on something
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What are four factors underlying the free enterprise system?
- 1.) Competition
- 2.) Private Ownership
- 3.) Individual Initiative
- 4.) Profit
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Law of Supply and Demand
as goods and services become plentiful, then prices drop; when goods and services become scarce, then prices increase.
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Mixed Economy
an economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion.
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