Physiology 1

has pores that let hydrophobic in but hydrophilic has to come in some other way.this is possible through diffusion and active transport.

A phosphate (which is charged) and a lipid (no charge) The phosphate is hydrophilic the lipid is hydrophobic

Doesnt dissolve in water but in lipid layer. Non polar example H20 and CO2 like olive oil.

Attracted, dissolves in and transported by water. It can't get through the lipid layer of the cell membrane because it is polar so it has to have active transport or active diffusion to get through usually ions like K+ and Na-.

the spontanious movement of a substance from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentrations without the need of ATP. SPONTANIOUS!

The amount of something from one region to the other. (ex higher Na outside the cell then inside the cell)

When the concentration gradiant is equal between the 2 regions. not a good thing when talking about the human body, this stops diffusion.

it is the different between the 2 regions (high and low) determines the direction and the amount that will be diffused.

one of the strengths of the gradiants. it just looks at the concentration of the number of gradiants not the charge. just the shear numbers from the 2 regions

the different charge that the ion has if its already positive inside then more wont want to flow in but if its more positive inside then outside then it will flow pretty good sense they are attracted. way more influentale then the chemical concentration.

Both the strengths of the charge of the 2 regions with the help or hindering with the concentration of the chemical concentration until there is no net diffusion that doesnt always mean that its equilibrium.

doesnt let ions flow freely in and out

lets the ions flow freely from the cell to the outside

dont use energy facilitates diffusion ex. GLU transporter glucose hydrophilic stuff. works like a reflex it goes to the binding site and it makes it change shape. It's a 2 way door

opposite of diffusion, goes againest concentration gradiant which is why it needs ATP because its pumping againest the concentration gradiant.