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How are metallic ions formed?
The loss of electronns.
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Are metallic ions bigger or smaller than their atoms?
Smaller
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How are nonmetallic ions formed?
Gaining electrons
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Are nonmetallic ions bigger or smaller than their ions?
Bigger
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Atomic radius on the periodic table
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- Decrease left to right
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Ionization energy
The energy required to remove an electron from its atom
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First ionization energy on the periodic table
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Metals have what kind of ionization energy?
Low
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Nonmetals have what kind of ionization energy?
High
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Shielding effect
- inner electrons block the attraction of the nucleus (it's far away)
- Lowers ionization energy
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4 factors affectiong ionization energy
- 1. Nuclear charge- the larger the nuclear charge, the greater the energy
- 2. Shielding effect-the greater the shielding effect, the less energy
- 3. Radius- the greater the distance between the nucleus and the outer electrons, the less energy required
- 4. Sublevel- electron from a half full or full sublevel takes more energy
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Electron affinity
The attraction of an atom for an electron
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Metals have what kind of electron affinities?
Low
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Nonmetals have what kind of electron affinities?
High
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Electron affinities on the periodic table?
- Decrease down
- Increase left to right
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