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What are the bonding properties of carbon?
Carbon can share electrons with as many as four other atoms.
- It can have the shape of
- -chains
- -rings
- -side branches
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Organic Molecule Characteristics
- -Always contain carbon bonded to other atoms
- -Always covalent bonding
- -Often quite large, with many atoms
- -Usually associated with living organisms
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Inorganic Molecule Characteristics
- -Usually contain positive and negative ions
- -Usually ionic bonding
- -Always contain a small number of atoms
- -Often associated with nonliving matter
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Isomers
Organic molecules with identical molecular formulas, but a different arrangement of atoms.
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Macromolecules
- -Carbohydrates
- -Lipids
- -Proteins
- -Nucleic Acids
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Polymers
The largest macromolecules which are made up of many subunits called monomers.
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Dehydration Synthesis
The process of building polymers.
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Hydrolysis
the process of breaking down polymers.
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Major Organic Molecules
Molecules that contain carbon in combination with hydrogen.
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What are the 4 major groups of organic molecules?
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic Acids
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Carbohydrates
-contain C,H, & O
-function to store energy and provide support
-building blocks (monomers) are monosaccharides
-C6H12O6
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Monosaccharides
Simple sugars containing 3-7 carbons
C,H,O ratio is 1:2:1
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Disaccharides
Simple sugars composed of 2 monosaccharides linked together by dehydration synthesis.
- Common disaccharides:
- -Maltose
- -Lactose
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Animals store glucose as , and plants store glucose as .
Glycogen
Starch
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