Pharmacology

Beta Blocker...Blocks stimulation of Beta 1(myocardial)adrenergic receptors. Monitor bp,pulse,I/O, daily weight, bUN adn Creatine. can cause hypotension,bradycardia

Beta Blocker (antihypertensive, antianginal)...Blocks the stimulation of beta-1(myocardial) adrenergic receptors...Monitor bp,pulse,I/O,BUN.daily weight..can cause hypotension,fatigue,bradycardia

Beta Blocker( antihypertensive,CHF,left ventricular dysfunction after MI)..Blocks the stimulation of beta 1(myocardial) adrenergic receptors..Monitor bp, pulse,I/O, daily weight, BUN

ACE inhibitor..Blocks the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotension II. inactivates Bradykinin & other vasodilatory prostaglandins...Obtain bp,pulse prior to administration. Monitor weight & output, BUN & Creatinine.

ACE inhibitor...Blocks Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. Monitor BP,pulse,BUN and creatinine.can ause cough,hypotension

ACE Inhibitor..Blocks the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II....Monitor bp, pulse, BUN and creatinine..can cause cough, hypotension

ACE Inhibitor...Blocks the conversion on Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II..Monitor cough, hypotension

Loop Diuretic..Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of henle and distal renal tubule..Assess fluidI/O, daily weight,edema,lung sounds, skin turgor, K+ levels, BUN, creatinine..can cause dehydration,hypokalemia,hyponatremia

Cardiac Glycoside...Increase the force of myocardial contraction. Must obtain apical heartrate for one full minute before administration hold for HR<60bpm. Levels 0.5-2ng/ml

Schedule III Narcotic..Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Assess bp,pulse,resp.,pain scale.NTE(never to exceed) 4000mg of acetaminophen in 24 hours

Opioid analgesic..Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS..assess pain location and duration prior to and one hour after administration. Assess bp, pulse, resp.

Opioid analgesic..binds to opiate receptors in the CNS..Assess resp.,heart rate, LOC, bowel counds..cause constipation, drowsiness, dizziness

Narcotic antagonist..competively blocks the effects of opioids including CNS and respiratory depression..Monitor resp.,pulse rate,LOC,pain level,opiate withdrawl. Will reverse resp. depression and analgesia

Fast-acting..onset 15 minutes, peak 1 hr, duration 4hrs

Fast-acting, onset 15 minutes, peak 1 hour, duration 4 hours

Short-acting..onset 30min to 1 hour, peak 2-4hr, duration 5-7hr

Intermediate onset 1-3hrs, peak 8-12hrs, duration 18-28 hours

Intermediate..onset 3-4hrs,peak 6-12hrs, duration 18-28hrs

Combination mix, onset 30min, peak 4-8 hrs, duration 24hrs

Combination mix, onset 30min, peak 3hrs, duration 22-24hrs

Combination mix, onset 25min, peak 1.5-4hrs

Combination insulins, onset 25min, peak 1-4hrs, duration 12-24hrs

Long-acting, onset 4-6hrs, peak 18-24hrs, duration 36hrs

Long-acting Basal**cannot be administered with any insulin!!! onset 2-4hrs, no peak, duration 24hrs

Long-acting basal onset 3-8 no peak, duration 24hrs

• Salicylate (antiplatelet, anti aggregation)
• Produces analgesic effects and reduces inflammation and fever by inhibiting production of prostaglandins. ASPIRIN ONLY DECREASES platelet aggregation.Monitor for bleeding (HH), monitor for s/s of toxicity/overdose

• Low molecular weight heparins
• Potentiate the inhibitory effect of antithrombin on factor Xa and thrombin assess for bleeding and hemorrhage (bleeding gums, nosebleed, unusual bruising, black, tarry stools, hematuria, fall in hematocrit or blood pressure, positive Guiac

• Anticoagulant, Potentiates the effects of vitamin K dependent clotting factors
• Assess for bleeding and hemorrhage (bleeding gums, nosebleed, unusual bruising, black, tarry stools, hematuria, fall in hematocrit or blood pressure, positive Guiac).

Anticoagulant assess for signs of bleeding and hemorrhage (bleeding gums, nosebleed, unusual bruising, black tarry stools, hematuria, fall in hematocrit or blood pressure, guaiac-positive stools).Monitor patient

Biguaniide Oral Hypoglycemic agent...Decreases hepatic glucose production(gluconeogenesis)..Decrease intestinal glucose absorption.Monitor for hypoglycemia, Ketoacidosis and Lacticacidosis

Biguanide Oral Hypoglycemic agent...Lower blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas and increasing the sensitivity to insulin at receptor sites

Antihypertensive..Stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors in the CNS, prevents pain signal transmission to the CNS by stimulating alpha adrenergic receptors in teh spinal cord

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist...Blocks vasoconstrictor and aldosterone producing effects of angiotensin II at receptor sites. Lowering of blood pressure, slowed progression of diabetic nephropathy. Assess orthostatic hypotension

Antianginals, antiarrhythmics, antihypertensive..Inhibits transport of calcium into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells..Monitor Bp, pulse, ECG, I/O, daily weight

Intermediate acting corticosteroid..Suppression ot the inflammatory and normal immune response..assess for peripheral edema, steady weight gain, rales/crackles or dyspnea

Opioid analgesics, opioid agonist..Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters the perception of and response to painful stimuli while producing deneralized CNS depression. Assess bp, pulse,resp. If resp. rate is <10/min assess level of sedation

Allergy, cold and cough remedies(antitussives) opioid analgesics, opioid agonists...Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of the response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression. Suppresses cough reflex

Bronchodilators, adrenergics..Binds to beta2-adrenergic receptors in airway smooth muscle, leading to activation of adenyl cyclase and increased levels of CAMP

Antipyretics, antirheumatics, nonopioid analgesics, nonsteroidal anti inflammatory agent..Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis..Decrease pain and inflammation, reduction of fever.

Antiulcer agent, histamine H2 antagonists..Inhibits the action of histamine at the H2 receptor site located primarily in the gatric parietal cells resulting in inhibition of gastric secretion. Heals and prevents ulcers..Assess for epigastric abdominal pain, occult blood in stool, gastric aspirate, emesis

Antiulcer agents, proton-pump inhibitor..Binds to enzyme on gatric parietal cells in presence of acidic gastric pH.Assess for epigastric or abdominal pain,occult blood in stool

Antiemetics, antihistamines,sedatives,hypnotics..Blocks effects of histamine.Has inhibitory effects on the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the medulla.Monitor bp,pulse,resp.,

Antiemetics..Blocks the effects of serotonin..Assess for nausea, vomiting,abdominal distention and bowel sounds

laxatives, stool softners..Promotes incorporation of water into stool, also promote electrolyte and water secretion into the colon..Assess for abd. distention, presence of bowel sounds.

mineral and electrolyte replacements/supplement laxatives..draws water into the lumen and causes peristalsis..assess for abdominal distention,presence of bowel sounds.

Laxatives..stimulates peristalsis, alters fluid electorlyte transport producing fluid accumulation in the colon.Assess for abd. distention,presence of bowel sounds

Laxatives.assess abd.distention, presence of bowel sounds

laxatives, bulk forming agent,Combines with water in the intestinal contents to form an emollient gel that promotes peristalsis..Relief and prevention of constipation. Assess abd. distention,presence of bowel sounds

antipyretics, nonopioid analgesics..Inhibits the synthesis of prostagladins that may serve as mediators of pain and fever..HEPATIC FAILURE,NVE 4g/ 24hrs

Anti-infectives..Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA gyrase..Death of suseptible bacteria. Observe for anaphylaxis(rash,pruritus,laryngeal edema, wheezing

anti-infectives..Binds to bacterial cell wall, resulting in cell death..Bactericidal action against suseptible organisms

Antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsion..Limits seizures propagation by altering ion transport

Analgesic adjuncts, therapeutic anticonvulsants, mood stabalizers...Decrease incidence of seizures.Assess location, duration and characteristic of seizure activity

Antianxiety agents,anticonvulsants,sedative/hypnotics..Relief of anxiety...Depresses the CNS.Monitor bp,pulse,resp