Knee and Ankle Joints

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What type of joint is the knee joint?

Synovial hinge joint
Which bones take part in the knee joint?
- Tibia
- Femur
- Patella
What is the largest sesamoid bone in body?

Patella
What shape is the patella?
- Triangular
- Points downwards
Which muscle prevents lateral dislocation of the patella?

Vastus medialis
Which Femoral condyle is larger?

Lateral
Which Tibial condyle is larger

Medial
What is the Intercondylar Fossa?

Space between the medial and lateral femoral condyles
Discuss the stability of the knee joint
- Stable in extension
- Unstable in flexion
What are the boundaries of the knee joint capsule?
- Superiorly: femoral condyles
- Posteriorly: encloses intracondyler fossa
- Inferiorly: tibial plateau
- Anteriorly: patellar ligament
What do the menisci do?

Deepen articular surfaces and cushions
What are the ligaments of the knee joint?
- Collateral ligaments
- Cruciate ligaments
- Patellar ligament
What is the insertion of the patellar ligament?

Tibial tuberosity
Where do the medial collateral ligaments run?

From medial femoral condyle to medial tibial condyle
What does the medial collateral ligament do?

Prevents knee abduction
Where does the lateral collateral ligament go?

From lateral femoral condyle to lateral fibula
What does the lateral collateral ligament do?

Prevents knee adduction
What does the anterior cruciate ligament do?

Prevents anterior tibial dislocation
What does the posterior cruciate ligament do?

Prevents posterior tibial dislocation
Where does the anterior cruciate ligament go?

From the anterior part of the tibia to the posterior part of the femur
Where does the posterior cruciate ligament go?

From the posterior part of the tibia to the anterior part of the femur
Which ligament stabilizes the knee in flexion?

Posterior cruciate ligament
Name 3 bursae in the knee joint
- Suprapatellar
- Prepatellar
- Infrapatellar
Where is the superpatellar bursa?

Between the femur and the quadriceps tendon
Where is the prepatellar bursa?

Between the skin and patella
Where is the infrpatellar bursa?

Between the skin and the tibial tuberosity
What is the blood supply to the knee joint?
- Descending genicular branches of:
- femoral
- popliteal
- lateral circumflex artery of thigh
- circumflex fibular artery in leg
State the movements of the knee joint
- Flexion
- Extension
- Active rotation in flexion
- Passive rotation in extension
State the origin, insertion, nerve supply and special function of the popliteus
- Origin: lateral femoral condyle
- Insertion: proximal posterior tibia
- Nerve supply: tibial nerve, L4, L5, S1
- Function: unlocks the knee during initial flexion by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia
What type of joint is the the superior tibiofibular joint?

Synovial plane joint
What kind of joint is the inferior tibiofibular joint?

Fibrous joint
What kind of joint is the ankle joint

Synovial hinge joint
What are the movements of the ankle joint?

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
What takes part in the ankle joint?
- Tibia
- Fibula
- Talus
What is the medial ligament in the ankle joint?

Deltoid ligament
Where does the deltoid ligament go?

From medial meliolus to the talus and navicular
What are the lateral ligaments of the ankle joint?
- Anterior talofibular
- Calcaneofibular
- Posterior talofibular
Where does the anterior talofibular ligament go?

From the lateral maliolus to the talus
Where does the calcaneofibular ligament go?

From the lateral maliolus to the calcaneus
Where does the posterior talofibular ligament go

From the lateral maliolus to the talus
Which ligaments stabilize the foot in inversion?

Lateral ligaments
Which ligaments stabilize the foot in eversion?

Deltoid ligament

Author

Bobopudge

57882

Card Set

Knee and Ankle Joints

Description

fungaa

Updated

2011-01-07T22:29:34Z

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