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What are the bones of the leg
Tibia and fibula
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What cocnnects the tibia and fibula?
Interreus membrane
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What is the weight bearing bone?
Tibia
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What are the muscles in lateral compartment?
- Peroneus longus
- Peroneus brevis
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What does the lateral compartment do?
It everts the foot
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of peroneus longus:
- Origin: upper fibula
- Insertion: medial cuneiform
- Nerve supply: Superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1)
- Action: everts foot
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of peroneus longus:
- Origin: lower fibula
- Insertion: 5th metatarsal
- Nerve supply: Superficial peroneus (L5, S1)
- Action: everts foot
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Peronius Brevis Tendon lies _________ the peroneus longus tendon?
Above
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The peroneus tertius is ________ to the lateral malleolus
Anterior
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What are the muscles in deep posterior compartment?
tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus
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What are the muscles in superfiscial posterior compartment?
- gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
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What is the insertion of the superficial posterior compartment?
Calcaneus
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What is the action of the superficial posterior compartment?
Plantar flexion (gastroc and plantaris help kneww flexion)
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What is the origin of plantaris?
Supracondylar line of femur
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What is the origin of soleus?
- medial tibia
- posterior fibular head, neck, and shaft
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What is the nerve supply of superfiscial posterior compartment?
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
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What is the origin of gastrocnemius?
medial and lateral distal femur
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digitorum longus:
- Origin: posterior tibia
- Insertion: base of distal 4 phalanges
- Nerve supply: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)
- Action: flexes toes, plantarflexion
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor hallicus longus:
- Origin: posterior fibula
- Insertion: base of big toe
- Nerve supply: Tibial nerve (S2, S3)
- Action: flexes hallux, plantarflexion
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of Tibialis Posterior:
- Origin: posterior interosseous membrane
- Insertion: navicular and medial cuneiform
- Nerve supply: tibial nerve (L4, L5)
- Action: inverts and plantarflexion
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What does the flexor retinaculum hold?
- from medial to lateral:
- Tibialis posterior
- Flexor Digitorum Longus
- Posterior tibial artery,
- Posterior tibial vein
- Tibial nerve
- Flexor Hallicus longus
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What does the flexor retinaculum do?
keeps the tendons from posterior compartment in one place
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Where does the flexor retinaculum go?
medial maleolus to calcaneus
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Name the muscles of anterior compartment of leg
- Tibialis Anterior
- Extensor Hallucis longus
- extensor digitorum longus
- peroneus tertius
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of Tibialis anterior:
- Origin: lateral tibia
- Insertion: medial cuneiform
- Nerve supply: Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5)
- Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of Extensor hallicus longus:
- Origin: medial fibula
- Insertion: upper big toe
- Nerve supply: deep peroneal nerve (L5, S1)
- Action: big toe extension, dorsiflexion
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of Extensor digitorum longus:
- Origin: medial fibula
- Insertion: upper phalanges
- Nerve supply: deep peroneal (L4, S1)
- Action: toe extension, dorsiflexion
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State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of peroneus tertius:
- Origin: medial fibula
- Insertion: 5th metatarsal
- Nerve supply: deep peroneal (L5, S1)
- Action: dorsiflexion and EVERSION of foot
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What does the extensor retinaculum do?
Keeps the tendons of anterior compartment in one place
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What are the parts of the extensor retinaculum?
- Superior (straight)
- Inferior (Y-shaped)
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Where does the superior extensor reinaculum go?
from fibula to tibia
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Where does the inferior extensor retinaculum go?
- upper band: from calcaneus to medial malleolus
- lower band: fuses with plantar apaneurosis
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What is the extensor retinaculum? Describe its shape
- Band of fascia, keeps the tendons of the anterior compartment confined to their proper location
- Has superior and inferior band:
- superior band: goes from fibula to tibia just above malleoli - goes from calcaneus to medial malleolus
- Inferior band: is Y-shaped - blends with plantar apaneurosis
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What supplies the first cleft of the foot?
Deep peroneal nerve
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What nerve supplies posterior compartment?
Tibial
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What are the cutaneous branches of tibial nerve?
- Sural nerve
- medial calcaneal nerve
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What nerve supplies the anterior compartment?
Superficial peroneal
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What is the blood supply to the anterior compartment?
Anterior tibial artery
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What are the branches of the popliteal artery?
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
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What are the branches of the posterior tibial artery?
- Fibular
- Circumflex fibular
- Medial plantar
- Lateral plantar
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