Chapter 8 pt.4

radiation treatment to inactive malignant lesions using multiple, precise external radiation beams focused on a target with the aid of a stereotactic frame and imaging such as CT, MRI, or angiography; used to treat inoperable brain tumors and other lesions

mechanical device used to localize a point in space, targeting a precise site

agent that relieves pain

agent that prevents or lessens convulsions

agent that induces sleep

emotional feeling or mood

significantly dulled emotional tone or outward reaction

a lack of interest or display of emotion

a state of unresponsiveness to one's outside environment, usually including muscle rigidity, staring, and inability to communicate

a persistent belief that has no basis in reality

a person's false belief that he or she possesses great wealth, intelligence, or power

a person's false belief that someone is plotting against him or her with the intent to harm

a restless, dissatisfied mood

an exaggerated, unfounded feeling of well-being

a false perception of the senses for which there is no reality; most commonly hearing or seeing things

the formation of thoughts or ideas, such as suicidal ideation

state of abnormal elation and increased activity

a psychologic condition in which anxiety is prominent

a mental condition characterized by distortion of reality resulting in the inability to communicate or function within one's environment

thought that lacks clear processing or logical direction

a disorder causing periodic disturbances in mood that affect concentration, sleep, activity, appetite, and social behavior; characterized by feelings of worthlessness, fatigue, and loss of interest

a milder affective disorder characterized by chronic depression

an affective disorder marked by episodes of depression that most often occur during the fall and winter and that remit in the spring

an affective disorder characterized by mood swings of mania and depression

the most common anxiety disorder; characterized by chronic, excessive, uncontrollable worry about everyday problems; affects the ability to relax or concentrate, but does not usually interfere with social interactions or employment; physical symptoms include muscle tension, trembling, twitching, fatigue, headaches, nausea, and insomnia

a disorder of sudden, recurrent attacks of intense feelings, including physical symptoms that mimic a heart attack with a general sense of loss of control or feeling that death is imminent; often progresses to agoraphobia

exaggerated fear of a specific object or circumstance that causes anxiety and panic; named for the object or circumstance

a condition resulting from an extremely traumatic experience, injury, or illness that leaves the sufferer with persistent thoughts and memories of the ordeal; symptoms include feelings of fear, detachment, exaggerated startle response, restlessness, nightmares, and avoidance of anything or anyone who triggers the painful recollections

an anxiety disorder featuring unwanted, senseless obsessions accompanied by repeated compulsions; can interfere with all aspects of a person's daily life

a preoccupation with thoughts of disease and concern that one is suffering form a serious condition that persists despite medical reassurance to the contrary

a development disability, commonly appearing during the first three years of life, resulting from a neurologic disorder affecting brain function, as evidenced by difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication and an inability to relate to anything beyond oneself in social interactions; persons with autism often exhibit body movements such as rocking and repetitive hand movements; persons commonly become preoccupied with observing parts of small objects or moving parts with performing meaningless rituals

a developmental disability characterized by difficulty understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs that affects reading, spelling, and self-expression

a dysfunction characterized by consistent hyperactivity, distractibility, and lack of control over impulses, which interferes with ability to function normally at school, home, or work

a condition of subaverage intelligence characterized by an IQ of 10 or less, resulting in the inability to adapt to normal social activities

a severe disturbance in eating behavior caused by abnormal perception about one's body weight, as evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by efforts to limit digestion through induced vommiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise

mental disorders resulting from abuse of substance such as drugs, alcohol, or other toxins, causing personal and social dysfunction; identified by the abused substance, such as alcohol abuse, amphetamine abuse, opioid abuse, and polysubstance abuse

a disease of brain chemistry causing a distorted cognitive and emotional perception of one's environment; symptoms include distortions of normal function, flat affect, apathy, and withdrawal from reality

electrical shock applied to the brain to induce convulsions; used to treat patients with severe depression

use of specialized illuminating light boxes and visors to treat seasonal affective disorder

treatment of psychiatric disorders using verbal and nonverbal interaction with patients, individually or in a group, employing specific actions and techniques

treatment to decrease or stop unwanted behavior

treatment to change unwanted patterns of thinking

medications used to treat mental illnesses

drugs used to reduce anxiety

agent that counteracts depression

drugs used to treat psychosis, especially schizophrenia

agent that has a calming effect and quiets nervousness