Criminal Procedures

No, it was added later

Voluntarily gives information. "only applies to testomonial evidence"

to let the rulling of the lower court stand

States that the goverment cannot treat an identifiable group differently with out agood reason. (discrimination) covered in the 14th amendment

include Race, gender,religion, national orgin ( goverment must have a compelling reason to discriminate)

include Rational basi, legitimate reason

Joined in by majority of judges and justices. its the only one the counts as law or precedent

Agrees with results of majority, but for different reasons

Disagrees with both results and resoning of majority

the doctrine in which a prior decision binds a present case with similar facts. "the decision stands"

A prior decision that's binding on a similar present case.

(bottom to top) County courts, Circuit courts, District courts of appeals, Florida supreme courts

(bottom to top) Magistrates courts, District courts, U.S. Circuit courts of appeal, U.S. supreme courts

(latin for; to be certified) It's a discretionary order of the Supreme Court to review a lower courts decision.

(8th amendment) Is a payment that has to be paid befor you can be released. founding fathers decided that bail would refer to criminal offences. " what amount of money will grab the defdents attention to return for court.

(5th amendment)Constitutional protection against being tried for the same offence more than onece.

Unjustly imprisond, habeas "bring", corpus "body". "BRING THE BODY"

(5th/14th amendment) States that the govement cannot take somthing away from and individual with out compensating for their loss and adiqute notice with a chance to be heard.

"Supreme law of the land" states that all laws and procedures must be constitutional.

• Decides what is or isnt constitutional and, will interupt the U.S. constitution.
• e.x Malbury vs. Madison (1803)

(8th amendment) protects against cruel and unusual punishment, didnt have a problem with death penalty.

Rule 4. 4 justices must agree to hear a case befor it is brought in for trial

• Right to concle
• Right to confentation (see, hear, observe, and cross exaim)

Was not about the Death penalty, it was about ending torture. the founding fathers were all for the death penalty if the crime suited it.

• Protects us agains un-reasonable searches and seizures
• (person,house,papers,effects)

U.S. supreme courts used 14th amendment due process forced protection of bill of rights on the states ONE BY ONE

protect classes protect people from discrimination due to their race,gender,religion and national origin. they must have a compelling reason to discriminate if one of these issues are brought up

the defendant wasnt provided meaningfull assistence, he was giving a public defender who never reviewed his case. Powell was covered by the "Fundimental Fairness Doc." the case was rejected

The confession was beaten out of the defentant and used against them in trial. this was a violation of the "fundimentally fairness doc." you cannot force a confession out of someone. this case was rejected

• this was a "selective prosecution" case meaning that you have a prosecuter making dessicions to prosecute or not prosecute based on discriminatory purposes. defendents would have to show 1 similar situated case were the (white) deffendant was not prosectued.
• -Armstrong couldnt prove "selective prosecution"
• he was found guilty