Biology Chapter 2

The smallest particles that retain the properties of an element.

Material that takes up space.

• -Carbon
• -Hydrogen
• -Nitrogen
• -Oxygen
• -Phosphorus
• -Sulfur

Nucleus

Electron Shell

Contains dissolved substances called solutes

Atoms of a single element that differ in their number of neutrons.

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different atomic masses.

*weakest type of bond*

form when opposite charges on two molecules are attracted to each other

The combination of a weak acid and the base that forms when the acid dissolves in water.

Atom or molecule that has either lost or gained electrons.

• Gained= Net Negative
• Lost= Net Positive

The tendency of water molecules to cling together.

*water loving*

Molecules form hydrogen bonds with water.

*water fearing*

Molecules do not form hydrogen bonds with water

Electrons are transferred between atoms.

Electrons are not shared equally. They are drawn more to 1 atoms nucleus that the other.

Electrons are shared equally between atoms.

The smallest part of a compound that still has the properties of that compound.

2 or more dufferent elements bonded together.

Neutrons=Neutral

Neutrally charged particles located in Nucleus.

Mall of a neutron is equal to the mass of the protons.

Pure chemical substances composed of atoms that cannot be degraded by chemical means into a substance having different properties.

Negatively charged particles located in the electron cloud.

Have so little mass they are not calculated in the mass of the atom.

• Salt=Solute
• Water=Solution