Chapter 8 pt.2

plasma-like clear fluid circulating in and around the brain and spinal cord

column of nervous tissue from the brainstem through the vertebrae; responsible for nerve conduction to and from the brain and the body

three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater

nerves that branch from the central nervous system including nerves of the brain (cranial nerves) and spinal cord (spinal nerves)

12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain

31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord

nerves that conduct impulses from body parts and carry sensory information to the brain; also called afferent nerves

nerves taht conduct motor impulses from the brain to muscles and glands; also called efferent nerves

nerves that carry involuntary impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and various glands

control center for the autonomic nervous system located below the thalamus

division of the autonomic nervous system that is concerned primarily within preparing the body in stressful or emergency situations

division of the autonomic nervous system that is most active in ordinary conditions; it counterbalances the effects of sympathetic system by restoring the body to a restful state after a stressful experience

impairment because of localized brain injury that affects the understanding, retrieving, and formulating of meaningful and sequential elements of language, as demonstrated by an inability to use or comprehend words; occurs as a result of a stroke, head trauma, or disease

a general term referring to levels of decreased consciousness with varying responsiveness; a common method of assessment in the Glasgow Coma Scale

a state of mental confusion caused by disturbances in cerebral function; the many causes include fever, shock, and drug overdose

an impairment of intellectual function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion

loss or impairment of muscle function

loss or impairment of sensation

pain along the course of a nerve

temporary or permanent loss of motor control

defective (flabby) or absent muscle control caused by a nerve lesion

stiff and awkward muscle control cause by a central nervous system disorder

partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body

pain that follows the pathway of the sciatic nerve, caused by compression or trauma of the nerve or its roots

sudden, transient disturbances in brain function resulting from an abnormal firing of nerve impulses; may or may not be associated with convulsion

to pull together; type of seizure that causes a series of sudden, involuntary contractions of muscles

fainting

evoking a response by touching

increased sensitivity to stimulation such as touch or pain

abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause

any of many types of loss of neurologic function involving interpretation of sensory information

inability to judge the form of an object by touch

inability to locate a sensation properly, such as an inability to locate a point touched on the body

disease of structural changes in the brain resulting in an irreversible deterioration that progresses from forgetfulness and disorientation to loss of all intellectual functions, total disability, and death

condition of progressive deterioration of motor nerve cells resulting in total loss of voluntary muscle control; symptoms advance from muscle weakness in the arms and legs, to the muscles of speech, swallowing, and breathing, to total paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig disease

condition of motor dysfunction caused by damage to the cerebrum during development or injury at birth; characterized by partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination

disorder resulting from ac change within one or more blood vessels of the brain

hardening of the arteries of the brain

condition of lipid buildup within the blood vessels of the brain

dilation of a blood vessel in the brain

presence of a stationary clot in a blood vessel

obstruction of a blood vessel in the brain by an embolus transported through the circulation

damage to the brain caused by cerebrovasculary disease, such as occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus or embolus (ischemic stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of an aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke)

brief episode of loss of blood flow to the brain usually caused by a partial occlusion that results in temporary neurologic deficit (impairment); often precedes a CVA

inflammation of the brain

disorder affecting the central nervous system; characterized by recurrent seizures

stiffening- jerking; a major motor seizure involving all muscle groups; previously termed grand mal (big bad) seizure

seizure involving a brief loss of consciousness without motor involvement; previously termed petit mal (little bad) seizure

seizure involving only limited areas of the brain with localized symptoms

tumor of glial cells graded according to degree off malignancy